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EKU Parasit exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where are parasitic diseases most common | warm climates |
| what can effect the distribution of parasitic diseases | social, economics, public health, sanitation |
| parasites with a simple life cycles are often more | cosmopolitan |
| What is the cause of most cases of parasitic diseases in the US | travelers and immigrants |
| The degree of injury due to parasitic infection normally depends upon | number, size, activity, and location |
| What are the clinical manifestations of a parasitic infection | general and variable |
| What is required for diagnosis | laboratory detection and identification |
| Parasites that have no vectors or intermediate hosts are normally referred to as | simple |
| parasites that have an intermediate host or vectors are normally referred to | complex |
| when was the last time malaria was endemic in the US | 1940 |
| What is a protozoa | a unicellular eukaryotic microorganism |
| a unicellular eukaryotic microorganism | protozoa |
| amebas, flagellates, ciliates, hemoflagelates, sporozoa and coccidia are all a part of what class of parasites | protozoa |
| what are helminths | metazoa; wormlike invertebrates |
| metazoa; worm like invertebrates are known as | helminths |
| nematodes, filariae, cestoda, and trematoda are all in what group of parasites | helminths |
| arthropods are devinded as | hard exoskeleton jointed apendages |
| these have hard exoskeletons and jointed appendages | artropods |
| How are protozoa grouped | mode of transport/locamotion |
| what is a protracted relationship | causing harm, having it for some period of time |
| parasite implies what type of relationship | protracted |
| Insects and arachnids are in what group of parasites | arthropods |
| the arthropod group of parasites consists of | arachnids and insects |
| Amebas have what form of locomotion | pseudopodium |
| Flagellates have what form of locomotion | flagella |
| Ciliates have what form of locomotion | cilia |
| hemoflagelates have what form of locomotion | flagella |
| Nematodes are what | intestinal round worms |
| filariae are what | tissue roundworms |
| cestoda are what | tapeworms |
| trematoda are what | flukes |
| What is meant by infective form | infective to humans |
| what is meant by diagnostic form | that which is seen in the laboratory |
| what are the two forms you will see protozoas in | trophozoite and cysts |
| what is a trophozoite | troph, the active vegetative form |
| what is a cyst | the inactive, resistant, infectious form |
| What are the life stages of the helminths | adult, ovum, larvae |
| what is the adult stage | mature stage |
| what is an ovum | egg |
| what is a larvae | immature stage |
| Cysts can often pass through what and still be viable | the stomach |
| urine, mineral oil, and radiography contrast media found in stool is normall | contamination |
| How many stool specimens are needed for the detection of helminth ova | one to two |
| how many specimens are needed to detect protozoa | three collected every other day |
| what are the proper preservatives for stool | formalin and PVA |
| What does PVA stand for | polyvinyl alcohol |
| What type of slide can be used from formalin | wet mounts |
| what type of slide can be used from PVA | permanent |
| sodium acetate-acetic acid formalin can be used for what | permanent smears and concentration methods |
| What are two ways to process stool specimen | formalin and PVA |
| What is the process for a formalin preparation | concentration, iodine wet bount look for ova or larvae |
| what is the process for a PVA preparation | no concentration, trichrome stain looking for trophs and cysts |
| if doing a peripheral blood thin smear what stain should be used | wrights or giemsa |
| what do you us a thick peripheral blood smear for | malaria |
| what is a para-pak | a stool specimen collection device |
| Protozoa stain gray blue to black with nuclei and cellular inclusions darger than cytoplasm is seen in what stain | iron hematoxylin |
| this stain offeres better contrast than iron hematoxylin, protozoan trophs and cyst have a blue-green to purple cytoplasm, nuclei and inclusions are red to purple red, background is green | trichrome |
| what is flotation best used for | protozoan cysts, hymenoepis nana ova and hookworm ova |
| what solvent is used in the floatation method | zinc sulfate |
| What is used in the sedimentation method | formalin ethyl acetate |
| What iodine solution is preferable | dobell and connor or d'antoni's |
| what is an except able iodine solution | lugol's |
| what are iodine stains sealed with | vaspar |
| what are the best objectives too look at a iodine smear | 10x and 40x |
| What is the best objectives to look at trichrom stained slids | scan at 40 and use OI for identification |
| How do protozoa reproduce | binary division |
| who are lumen dwelling protozoa normally identified | trichrome stained |
| what are cyst walls made of | chiten |
| why can't trophs be the infective form | they do not survive passage through digestive system |
| what is the reproductive form of protozoa | trophs |
| What is the etiological agent for amebiasis | Entamoeba histolytical/entamoeba dispar |
| Entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar is the etiological agent for | amebiasis or amebic dysentary |
| How is entamoeba histalitytica/entamoeba dispar transmitted | cysts in contaminated food and water |
| These are the only pthogenic amoebas | entamoeba histolytical/entamoeba dispar |
| entamoeba histolytica can be diferentiated via what method | serological |
| what is another name for a nucleolus | cariozome |
| What is the difference between E. colis and histolytica | e. coli have very dirty cytoplasm and histolytica have a must cleaner cytoplasm |
| how many nuclei can a E. histolytica have | up to 4 no more |
| What are the organs E. Histolytica infect | liver, lung. brain |
| What shape will the chromatoidal bodies in histolytica have | round |
| What shape will the chromatoidal bodies have in E. coli | excentric with dirty cytoplasm |
| What is the differential characteristic of e. Harmanni to E. histolytica | size, Harmanni is <10 um |
| This entamoeba is characterized by no parachromatin, large cariozome, up to 4 nucleoli | E. Nana |
| This entamoeba is characterized by a variable nuclei and often times over to the side | E. Butshlii |
| Fragillis was once thought to be a entamoeba but is now a | flagilate |
| fragillis is known for what? | two nuclei, no cyst form and ragged chromatoidal bodies |
Created by:
jnwells03
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