Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pathologicalconditon
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Asthma | chronic abnormal autonomic respons of the bronchial muscles that produce:intermittent acut bronchospasms, partial airway obstuction, chronic bronchial inflammation, edema-airway obstruction from the effects; inflammation, bronchospasm, |
| Asthma | involves narrowing of small air passages of lower resp system, affects b/w 5-10% cuased by various genetic and immune system factors, asthma can lead to a chornic reduction of air flow caused by:epithelial cell damage, fibrous changes in the bronchiols |
| Signs and Symptoms of Asthma | can last min hrs or days Dyspnea, chest tightness, fatigue, anxiety, coughing, wheezing, prolonged expiration, panting speech, cyanosis, practice may need to be altered peakflow of >80% good to go |
| asthma triggers, eval and diagnostic testing | Triggers:allergens, smoke, infection, cold or dry air, emotional state, ex-Eval:increassed Hr, resp rate, use of accessory muscles, ascultation(wheezing-experiation, rhonchi-inspiration, decreased breath sounds), diagnostic testing:peakflow meter |
| asthma treatment | Goal:limit bronchial inflammation, control symps, prevent exacerbation, maintain normal pulmonary function avoid triggers, ath instructed to sit, take deep breaths exhale through pursed lips keep them calm, |
| Administastration of bronchodilator | prescribed-metered dosed inhalers(mdi), 2 doeses administerd 5 min apart, good technique and timing is important recovery should occur gradually |
| Asthma management | antiinflammatory meds and bronchiodilator meds |
| Anti-inflammatory | corticosteriords, masst cell stabilizers, antileukotriends, controle underlying chornic inflammation, provide long term control, taken on a daily basis, noncomplicance leads to:more frequent attacks, more scarring within lungs |
| Bronchodilators | B2 agonists-provide quick relief, taken on an as needed basis, b2 goes to lunchs |
| Medication Pathway | 2 neurotransmitter recept involved in ANS resp control-adrenergic agonist, anticholinergic drugs, 2 classes of asthma drugs adrenegic agonist, anticholinergic drugs |
| Adrenergic Agonist | activate the receptor to promote muscle relaxation of smooth muscle-bronchodilation-beta-adrenergic receptors)aka beta 2 receptors |
| anticholinergic | Drugsbind with receptors w/ intent of blocking receptor activation that causes smooth muscle constriction-cronchoconstriction-anticholinergic drugs |
| NSAID asthma medication | arachidonic acid-lipogenase pathway-inflammation w/ asthma, leukotrienes:cause smooth muscle contraction in bronchial tissue, antileukotriene meds-singular, accolate |
| NATA reccomendations for managing asthma in ath | during PPE ath screened for asthma, AT aware of S/S suggesting ast:tight chest, cough, SOB, wheeze, limit physical activity due2 difficulty breathing, pulmonary testing indicated 4 ath w/ history of asth/athwho diagnosis of ast cant b excluded by med hist |
| NATA reccomendations cont | AT familar w/pharmacological interv 4 tx,plan incorporated into overal EAP sports med service, ath w/asth have rescue inhaler @alltimes,AT have access to nebulizer 4 emergencies, alt px sites considered when possible 2 avoid allergens that trigger attack |
| NATA reccomendatiosn 3 | pt w/asthma regular f/u visits w/ dr 2 monitor and mod tx regimen-proper w/u provide refractory period lasting up 2 2 hrs, ath educatedon asthma: s/s, triggers, spirometry, pharm and non parm supporitve tx, MDI& nebs, need not prevent participation |
| NATA recommendations 4 | AT aware of other med cond that may mimic s/s of asthma ievocal cord dysfunc & UR diseases, pt w/ astha should be encouraged to exercise, At able to differentiate b/w restricted, banned and permitted asthma meds relative to participation in org comp sport |
| MDI | prepare(shake, warm up), hold inhaler upright, tip head slightly, exhale slowly, place inhaler in mouth, seallips, prss down n inhaler-release meds @same time take slow deep breath, hold breath 10sec b4 exhaling, 2 puff wait 1-5min |
| Peak flow meter | measure lung volume w/ventilation-analog scale indicates volume of PEF, indic of airway function, monitors effectiveness of meds, manage asth-baseline recorded over several days, take PEF immediately be4 and after ex,<80%asthma attack, <50 med emergency |
| Peak Expiratory Flow | Pef- highest volume of air they can exhale |
| Peak flow meter instruction | stand upright, slide indicator to base, exhale completely, take a deep breath, place mouth piece in mouth, seal lips, blow as hard &fast as you can 1x, repeat w/rest of 1min, predict readings, clean w/ warm water and soap |
| Exercise induced Bronchospasm | most common affecting-15%of pop, 90% ppl w/ asthma, 40%ppl w. allergies, occurs-5-15 min after onset of exercise, gets progressively worse at ex continues, resolves-30-60min after stoping ex-does not produce chronic inflammation in bronchioles like asthma |
| Exercise induced bronchospasm defiend and triggered by | defined by:post exercise FEV more than 15% below pre-exercise value, Triggered by:cool,dryair, allergies, breathing through mouth, infection, pollution |
| Exercise induced bronchospasm, s/s, diagnosis | s/s:SOB, chest tightness, dry cough after exercise, diagnosis:easure PEF before and after exercise, post vlue is 15%less=EIA |
| Exercise induced bronchospasm tx | MDI before activity or @onset of symp, removed from activity, sit them down, calm reassure ath, monitor, refracory period |
| Refractory period | management-warm up 50-90% MHR, bring system close to threshold, stop activity, take MDI, rest 15-70 min, resume competition, last up to 3 hrs(inconsitent results) |
| exercise induced anaphylaxis | abnormal immune repsonse2 vigorus ex, hx breath probs w/ chronic NSAId use, reaction causes:weidespread realase of histamin, acute bronchospasm, s/s:fluch sensation to head and neck, rapidly followd by cough, stridor, shock, multple skin lesions-hives |
| bronchitis chronic-COPD | obstuction caused by mechanical insufficency, chonic inflammation decreases the functional diameter of the bonchi and impairs airflow, increased co2 decreased o2 , ultimately decreases gas exchange |
| emphysema | chronic bronchitis, complication of cpd and msoking, chronic inflammatory rxn to chemcials in smoke that destory the albeolar walls, capillaries, lung elasticity, decreases avaliable lung area, irreversible poor prognosis |
| Acute viral bronchitis | most common, self limiting, s.s rductive cough(clear, yellow) SOB, chest tightness, fever |
| Acute bacterial bronchitis | rarely in healthy adults, more common in CPD patients s.s fever chills, night swears in addition to acute s.s |
| Acute bronchitis eval diagnosis, treatment | eval:auscultation(rhonchi and crackles), Diagnosis:clinical, chest xray, cbc, tretment, mucolytics, couggh suppresants, NSAIDS, rest fluids antipyretics, nutrition |
| Pneumonia | condition that results in inflam of lung parenchyma-viral,bacteria,fungal,s/s:SOB chest p!, productive cough(dark, discolored sputum), lowlobes:ab/diaphragmic p!, Eval:resp midly elevated labored breathing, percussion dull, auscultation: rales and weeze |
| Pneumonia, diagnosis, tx, rtp | diagnosis-refer!, tx-antibiotics(zpack, biaxin), support w/ hydration, mucolytics, cough suppressant(robotussin), ATC refer back to Md if no improvment after 2-3 days of tx, RTP afevrile, 7-10 b/c of respiratory comprise |
| Upper Respiratory infection def, and s/s | upper respiratory tract-# of self limiting viral infections affecting URT nasopharynx, trachea, bronchii-s/s-rhinitis, rhinorrhea, sore throat, nonproductive cough, sneezing, HA, malaise, chills fever, laryngitis, complications:ear infection, sinusitis |
| Upper respiratory tract eval and tx | eval:clinic, dark prulent nasaldischarge, s/s last 7-10dys refer,Tx:1. support immunesystem w/ rest, fluid nutrition2.limit contact w/infected person-verycontagious, active8dys after infec, conta 1st 72hrs,3OTC meds used 2 treat symp and reduce discomfort |
| Cough and cold meds | analgesics, antihisamines, antitussives, decongestants, multisymptom releive products |
| analgesics | tylenol, ibu, headach and fever |
| antihistamines | runnny nose and sneezing, claritin, allegra, benadryl(1st generation) |
| antitussive | cough suppressant, cough drops, codine and hydrocodone(rx) |
| decongestants | reduce nasal congestion, pseudoephedrine, nasal sprays wiht caution |
| multisymptom releiver products | tylenol cold and sinus, nyquil |
| URI return to play | "neck rule"-above-runnynose, sore throat, no fever, ok to retun to play 10 min, below-cough, body aches, fever, no, not cleared to play, can RTP after symtom free for 24 hr |
| influenza | fall, WINTER, spring-2 recognized strainsA,B,C-strain most common mutates slightly each yr-contagious(incubation 2days)-inhailed airbone droplets, direct contact |
| influenza vaccination | only partially effective-injection of deavtivated virus antigen, stimulate antibody formation, high risk individuals-seniors, students, compromised immune system |
| Influenza s/s, eval, tx, | s/s:fever,HA,nausea,fatigue,body aches,URI eval:clinic,nasopharynx swab,cbc chest xray, tx:bedrest,analgesic,fluids,supportive drugs, AWAY from othershigh risk:antiviral-if caught in 1st 48hr, reduce symp1day,strain A/B |
| Influenza RTP | afebrile, no respiratory comprised, fueled |
| Tuberculosis | caused by bacterial organism-cyobacterium tuberculosis, very contagious bacterial infec affecting the lungs, most ppl will recover w.o further evidence of disease, comprised immune system-symptomatic |
| Tuberculosis(s/s, eval, tx, RTP) | s/s:fatigue,fever,weightloss,cough,hemoptysis,SOB,chestp!-Eval:+ skintest, referfever >100, chills night sweats,ausculation: crackles,wheezing-Tx:latent3-6mth antibiotics,active:3-4antibiotics-RTPLasymptomatic not contagious-report to local health dept |
| Pneumothorax | negative pressure(holds lungs) in pleural space is lost, air trapped b/w parietal and visceral pleura, mor common in tall thing men20-40yrs, rupture of bleb or bulls, truamatic, no truama spontaneous |
| Tension Pneumothorax | pleural space continues to collect air, increase in throacic pressure, trachea, mediastium may deviate to opposite side, pressure occludes major vessels, compression heart=death |
| Hemothorax | blood collects in pleural space, usually traumatic |
| pneumothorax s/s, eval | s.s:chest p!, SOB, dyspnea, respiration distress, little chest wall motion of affected side, shift in trachea-Eval:auscultation:decreased, absent breath sounds, percussion:hollow(puffed out chest), REFER!!!! |
| Pneumothroax tx, RTP | Tx:splint thorax-hug pillow, calm pt-control coughin &gasping 4air,vitals,emergency transport-remove air,aspriate air w/vacum, chest tube-days, RTPpheuno3-5dy, spontaneous-50%chance happen again, tension/hemo-recovery much longer and dependent on symp |
Created by:
jwebst1
Popular Sports Medicine sets