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Ch. 15 Review Q

Physiology 2420

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following is found in plasma? a. glucose b. potassium c. hemoglobin d. sodium e. albumin hemoglobin
What is necessary for the replication of DNA, and thus cell proliferation in erythrocytes? Folic Acid
Which type of leukocyte is known to secret4e chemical mediators of inflammation? basophils
What are functions of the spleen? storing RBC, removing old eythrocytes from the blood, releasing bilirubin into the blood stream
The hematocrit is a useful clinical measure. Once blood has been centrifuged, it is seperated into 3 segments or layers. What are they? Erythrocytes, plasma, buffy coat
Where do T lymphocytes reach full maturity? thymus
What is hematocrit measuring? the percentage of blood that is comprised of RBC's.
The normal hematocrit is approximately what value? 45
What is the most abundant plasma protein? albumin
What are some characteristics of erythrocytes? they lack nuclei, lack mitochondria, they contain large amounts of hemoglobin, they transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What proteins are located inside erythrocytes? hemoglobin, spectrin, and carbonic anyhydrase
Erythrocytes are synthesized in what organ and under the control of what chemical? bone marrow; erythropoietin
Old blood cells are removed from the blood by macrophages in what organ? spleen
What is the stoppage of bleeding called? hemostasis
Which of the following is the first step of hemostasis? vascular spasm
List the leukocytes -neutrophils -eosinophils -basophils -monocytes -lymphocytes
What is a function of neutrophils? phagocytosis of foreign material
What is a function of Eosinophils? kill parasites
What is a function of Basophils? Secrete chemical mediators in inflammation and allergic reaction.
What is a function of monocytes? phagocytosis; mature into macrophages in tissue
What is a function of lymphocytes? B cells - secrete antibodies T cells - secrete cytokines that support immune system; secrete factors that kill in infected or tumor cells.
There are three classes of plasma proteins. What are they? albumin, globulin, fibrinogen
Name one unique feature of erythrocytes. no nucleus, no organelles, biconcave disc
Hemostasis is the process of stopping bleeding. Name the three mechanisms/steps involved in this. vascular spasms platelet plug formation blood clot formation
Iron is transported in the blood bound to a protein called what? transferrin
What is plasma from which clotting factors has been removed called? serum
Synthesis of RBC is called ___________ and occurs in the _______________. erythropoiesis; bone marrow
What cytosolic protein gives the membrane or erythrocytes its flexibility? spectrin
What is the most abundant protein? albumin
Name the granulocytes. neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Name two functions of plasma proteins. buffer H+, increase blood viscosity, fuel during starving, colloid osmotic pressure
Hemoglobin has 4 heme groups. What element is central to these heme groups? Iron
Define the term hemostasis. process of blood clotting
There are three steps to hemostasis. What are they? Vascular spasm, formation of platelet plug, blood coagulation (clotting)
Created by: GracieLou
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