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Ch. 15 Review Q
Physiology 2420
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is found in plasma? a. glucose b. potassium c. hemoglobin d. sodium e. albumin | hemoglobin |
| What is necessary for the replication of DNA, and thus cell proliferation in erythrocytes? | Folic Acid |
| Which type of leukocyte is known to secret4e chemical mediators of inflammation? | basophils |
| What are functions of the spleen? | storing RBC, removing old eythrocytes from the blood, releasing bilirubin into the blood stream |
| The hematocrit is a useful clinical measure. Once blood has been centrifuged, it is seperated into 3 segments or layers. What are they? | Erythrocytes, plasma, buffy coat |
| Where do T lymphocytes reach full maturity? | thymus |
| What is hematocrit measuring? | the percentage of blood that is comprised of RBC's. |
| The normal hematocrit is approximately what value? | 45 |
| What is the most abundant plasma protein? | albumin |
| What are some characteristics of erythrocytes? | they lack nuclei, lack mitochondria, they contain large amounts of hemoglobin, they transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
| What proteins are located inside erythrocytes? | hemoglobin, spectrin, and carbonic anyhydrase |
| Erythrocytes are synthesized in what organ and under the control of what chemical? | bone marrow; erythropoietin |
| Old blood cells are removed from the blood by macrophages in what organ? | spleen |
| What is the stoppage of bleeding called? | hemostasis |
| Which of the following is the first step of hemostasis? | vascular spasm |
| List the leukocytes | -neutrophils -eosinophils -basophils -monocytes -lymphocytes |
| What is a function of neutrophils? | phagocytosis of foreign material |
| What is a function of Eosinophils? | kill parasites |
| What is a function of Basophils? | Secrete chemical mediators in inflammation and allergic reaction. |
| What is a function of monocytes? | phagocytosis; mature into macrophages in tissue |
| What is a function of lymphocytes? | B cells - secrete antibodies T cells - secrete cytokines that support immune system; secrete factors that kill in infected or tumor cells. |
| There are three classes of plasma proteins. What are they? | albumin, globulin, fibrinogen |
| Name one unique feature of erythrocytes. | no nucleus, no organelles, biconcave disc |
| Hemostasis is the process of stopping bleeding. Name the three mechanisms/steps involved in this. | vascular spasms platelet plug formation blood clot formation |
| Iron is transported in the blood bound to a protein called what? | transferrin |
| What is plasma from which clotting factors has been removed called? | serum |
| Synthesis of RBC is called ___________ and occurs in the _______________. | erythropoiesis; bone marrow |
| What cytosolic protein gives the membrane or erythrocytes its flexibility? | spectrin |
| What is the most abundant protein? | albumin |
| Name the granulocytes. | neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils |
| Name two functions of plasma proteins. | buffer H+, increase blood viscosity, fuel during starving, colloid osmotic pressure |
| Hemoglobin has 4 heme groups. What element is central to these heme groups? | Iron |
| Define the term hemostasis. | process of blood clotting |
| There are three steps to hemostasis. What are they? | Vascular spasm, formation of platelet plug, blood coagulation (clotting) |
Created by:
GracieLou
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