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Ch. 14 Review Q

Physiology 2420

QuestionAnswer
Which of the following is considered a pressure reservoir? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries Arteries
Which portion of the vasculature is considered to have high compliance? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries veins
Where is the greatest resistance in vasculature? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries arterioles
Which acts as a volume reservoir? Arteries, veins, arterioles, heart, capillaries veins
Which has highly elastic walls? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries Arteries
Which of the following has the highest compliance? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries veins
Which is the result of a reduction in blood flow? Active hyperanemia or Reactive hyperanemia reactive hyperanemia
Where can fenestrated capillaries be located? Kidney
What is the driving force for blood flow through the systematic circuit? mean arterial pressure
Which of the following is not a component of microcirculation? arterioles, venules, capillaries, metaarterioles, veins veins
What component of artery walls allows them to store energy that is later used to maintain continuous blood flow though the circulatory system? elastin
What is a measure of the change in vascular volume as pressure within the vessel is altered? compliance
Resistance to blood flow is regulated primarily by what blood vessels? arterioles
The total cross-sectional area is greatest in which blood vessels? capillaries
Compare active hyperemia to reactive hyperemia. One is caused by increased metabolic activity, the other in response to release of an occlusion to blood flow.
What is hyperemia? increased blood flow in response to increased metabolic activity
What is a cause of hyperemia? CO2 being produced faster than being removed, O2 consumed exceeds delivery rate, increased blood flow
What is reactive hyperemia? Increased blood flow in response to a previous reduction in blood flow
What is a cause of reactive hyperemia? blockage of blood flow to tissue, vasodilation,
At any given point in time, where is there the largest amount of blood in the cardiovascular system? veins
Where is the lowest velocity of blood flow through the vasculature and what advantage does this have? capillaries; enhances exchange
In blood pressure measurement, two pressures are measured and listed as a fraction. What are they? systolic/diastolic
In lymph nodes, what type of cell filters are lymph? macrophages (or lymphocytes)
What is the cardiovasular control center? medulla oblangatta
Name one location of the arteriol baroreceptors. carotid sinuses, aortic arch
What are two ways to increase the mean arterial pressure? increase cardiac output, increase total peripheral resistance
How does lymph enter the lymphatic system and eventually flow through the lymphatic veins? lymphatic capillaries
What are two stimuli for increasing the flow of blood to an area in both active an reactive hyperemia? (what causes vasodilation in both to occur)? decreased oxygen and increased CO2
There are two different ways material can cross the wall of a continuous capillary? Name two of them. increased cardiac output, increase total peripheral resistance
What is compliance? ability to store pressure
Where is the lowest velocity in the vasculature and why is it advantageous for this portion of the vasculature to have low velocity? caoillaries, enhance exchange.
Created by: GracieLou
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