click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch. 14 Review Q
Physiology 2420
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Which of the following is considered a pressure reservoir? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries | Arteries |
Which portion of the vasculature is considered to have high compliance? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries | veins |
Where is the greatest resistance in vasculature? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries | arterioles |
Which acts as a volume reservoir? Arteries, veins, arterioles, heart, capillaries | veins |
Which has highly elastic walls? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries | Arteries |
Which of the following has the highest compliance? Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries | veins |
Which is the result of a reduction in blood flow? Active hyperanemia or Reactive hyperanemia | reactive hyperanemia |
Where can fenestrated capillaries be located? | Kidney |
What is the driving force for blood flow through the systematic circuit? | mean arterial pressure |
Which of the following is not a component of microcirculation? arterioles, venules, capillaries, metaarterioles, veins | veins |
What component of artery walls allows them to store energy that is later used to maintain continuous blood flow though the circulatory system? | elastin |
What is a measure of the change in vascular volume as pressure within the vessel is altered? | compliance |
Resistance to blood flow is regulated primarily by what blood vessels? | arterioles |
The total cross-sectional area is greatest in which blood vessels? | capillaries |
Compare active hyperemia to reactive hyperemia. | One is caused by increased metabolic activity, the other in response to release of an occlusion to blood flow. |
What is hyperemia? | increased blood flow in response to increased metabolic activity |
What is a cause of hyperemia? | CO2 being produced faster than being removed, O2 consumed exceeds delivery rate, increased blood flow |
What is reactive hyperemia? | Increased blood flow in response to a previous reduction in blood flow |
What is a cause of reactive hyperemia? | blockage of blood flow to tissue, vasodilation, |
At any given point in time, where is there the largest amount of blood in the cardiovascular system? | veins |
Where is the lowest velocity of blood flow through the vasculature and what advantage does this have? | capillaries; enhances exchange |
In blood pressure measurement, two pressures are measured and listed as a fraction. What are they? | systolic/diastolic |
In lymph nodes, what type of cell filters are lymph? | macrophages (or lymphocytes) |
What is the cardiovasular control center? | medulla oblangatta |
Name one location of the arteriol baroreceptors. | carotid sinuses, aortic arch |
What are two ways to increase the mean arterial pressure? | increase cardiac output, increase total peripheral resistance |
How does lymph enter the lymphatic system and eventually flow through the lymphatic veins? | lymphatic capillaries |
What are two stimuli for increasing the flow of blood to an area in both active an reactive hyperemia? (what causes vasodilation in both to occur)? | decreased oxygen and increased CO2 |
There are two different ways material can cross the wall of a continuous capillary? Name two of them. | increased cardiac output, increase total peripheral resistance |
What is compliance? | ability to store pressure |
Where is the lowest velocity in the vasculature and why is it advantageous for this portion of the vasculature to have low velocity? | caoillaries, enhance exchange. |