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Ch. 10 Part 1 Notes
Physiology 2420
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| specialized neuronal structures that detect a specific form of energy in either the internal or external environment | sensory receptors |
| conversion of the energy form of a stimulus into an electrical signal in the form of changes in membrane potential | transduction |
| in the sensory system, the energy form of a stimulus | modality |
| states that a given sensory receptor is specific for a particular energy form or stimulus type | law of specific nerve energies |
| graded potential caused by the opening or closing of ion channels on sensory receptors, and triggered by sensory stimuli | receptor potential |
| decreased responsiveness of a sensory receptor to a continued stimulus | adaptation |
| receptors that decrease in responsiveness to a continuing stimulus | phasic receptors (rapidly adapting receptors) |
| receptors that maintain responsiveness to a continuing stimulus | tonic receptors (slowly adapting receptors) |
| a single afferent neuron and all sensory receptors associated with it | sensory unit |
| an increase in the number of active neurons | recruitment |
| process during which a stimulus that strongly excites receptors in a certain location inhibits activity in the afferent pathways of other receptors located nearby | lateral inhibition |
| sensations that arise from receptors in the skin | somesthetic sensations |
| the perception of the position of limbs and the body | proprioception |
| sensory receptors that detect physical forces such as pressure or vibration | mechanoreceptors |
| sensory receptors that detect temperature | thermoreceptors |
| sensory receptors in the surface of the body that detect tissue-damaging stimuli | nociceptors |
| ascending tracts that transmits sensory information from touch, pressure, vibrations, and proprioceptors to the thalamus | dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway |
| branch of the nervous system associated with perception of somatic sensations; associated with receptors in the skin and proprioception | somatosensory system |
| somatosensory pathway that transmits information from thermoreceptors and nociceptors to the thalamus | spinothalamic tract |
| a sharp, pricking sensation that can be easily localized and is produced by activation of nociceptors; is transmitted by A fibers | fast pain |
| a poorly localized, dull, aching sensation produced by activation of nociceptors; is transmitted by C fibers | slow pain |
| the perception of a painful stimulus as originating at a site on the body distinct from the location of the stimulus | referred pain |
Created by:
GracieLou
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