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LA Terms Midterm
8th Grade Literary Terms for Midterm
| Definition | Answer |
|---|---|
| a reference to a statement, a person, a place, or an event from literature, the arts, history, religion, mythology, politics, sports, or science. | allusion |
| a contrast between expectation and reality. | irony |
| we say just the opposite of what we mean | verbal irony |
| what happens is different from what we expect. | situational irony |
| we know somthing the character doesn't know. | dramatic irony |
| the attitude a writer takes toward his or her subject, characters, and audience. | tone |
| with negative attitude: tending to see only the negative or worst aspects of all things and to expect only bad or unpleasant things to happen. | pessimistic |
| with positive attitude: tending to take a hopeful and positive view of future outcomes. | optimistic |
| taking no sides. | neutral |
| an unfair preference for or dislike of something. | bias-preference |
| fixed idea about people that does not allow for any individuality. | sterotype |
| way of expressing yourself, that is deliberately less forceful or dramatic than the subject would seem to justify or require Example: Describing a canary: It's a bit yellow. | understatement |
| point from which a story is told. | point of view |
| one of the characters, using the personal pronoun I, tells the story. | first person point of view |
| the narrator focuses on the thoughts and feelings of only one character (he or she). | third-person limited point of view |
| (all-knowing) point of view – the narrator knows everything about the characters and their problems (he or she). | third person omniscient |
| the narrator speaks directly to the reader, using the pronoun you. | second person point of view |
| plot of events to show what happened in earlier times. | flashback |
| (like or as) a comparison between two like things. | simile |
| (doesn't use like or as) comparion between two unlike things. | metaphor |
| way writer reveals the personality of character. | characterization |
| writer tells us about the character. | direct characterization |
| writer depends on the reader to draw conclusions about character traits. | indirect characterization |
| is one or more words that imitate or suggest the source of the sound they are describing. Common occurrences include animal noises, such as "oink" or "meow" or "roar". Since they conform to some extent to the broader linguistic system they are part of, th | onomatopoeia |
| a figure of speech in which statements are exaggerated. It may be used to evoke strong feelings or to create a strong impression, but is rarely meant to be taken literally. | hyperbole |
| an expression peculiar (limited) to a particular language that means something different from the literal meaning of the words. | idiom |
| a lesson, idea, or moral that a literary work reveals about life; theme is not the same as the subject. Example: Be careful what you wish for; love conquers all | theme |
| a less offensive synonym: a word used in place of a term that might be considered too direct, harsh, unpleasant, or offensive. Example: "She passed away", meaning: "She died" . | euphemism |
| the overall feeling/emotion of a work Example: scary, happy, sad, nostalgic, eerie. | mood |
| a person or animal in a story, play, or other literary work. | character |
| the time and place of a story, play, or narrative poem. | setting |
| a series of related events that make up a story. | plot |
| a struggle between opposing characters or opposing forces. | conflict/problem |
| the point in the story that creates the greatest suspense, interest, or emotion. | climax |
| the final part of the story. | resolution |
| struggle with an outside force (society, another character, or a natural force). | external conflict |
| writers’ use of clues or hints to suggest events that will happen later in a story. | foreshadowing |
| struggle takes place within a character’s own mind. | internal conflict |
| in contrast, is a statement that reflects the writer’s or speaker’s belief, but which cannot be supported by proof or evidence. | opinion |
| a fact is a statement that can be proved. | fact |
| figurative language in which a non-human subject is given human characteristics. | personification |
| the repeated occurrence of a consonant sound at the beginning of several words in the same phrase. Example - "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. It is usually used as a form of figurative language. | alliteration |
| an opinion piece written by the senior editorial staff or publisher of a newspaper or magazine. | editorial |
| the dominant or most important conflict in the story. | central conflict |