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Respiratory Lab
physiology 2010
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the respiratory pathway | Nose (nasal vestibule)-nasal conchae-pharynx-larynx-trachea-right and left bronchi-bronchioles-lungs |
| What are the 3 parts of the pharynx? | Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Laryngopharynx |
| What covers to laryngopharynx to prevent food from entering the trachea? | Epiglottis |
| What is the job of the nasal conchae? | to warm the air and filter with particles with its mucus membrane |
| The portion of the larynx directly involved in sound production is... | the vocal cords |
| What is the purpose of the trachealis muscle? | it allows expansion of the esophagus |
| What type of epithelium is in the trachea? | ciliated pseudostratified epithelium |
| What is the carina? | is the internal ridge where the trachea splits into the right and left bronchi. Also the most sensitive part of the respiratory passage (cough reflex) |
| What is the order of the bronchi breakdown? | Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, to respiratory bronchioles |
| Where is the site of gas exchange? | in the alveoli |
| What two types of epithelium are there in the alveoli walls? | squamous pulmonary epithelium and septal cells |
| What do septal cells do? | they produce a substance called surfactant which reduces the surface tension of the alveoli and prevents them from collasping |
| Where is visceral pleura located? | covers the lungs themselves |
| Where is parietal pleura located? | along the thoracic wall |
| What type of epithelium is located in the bronchi? | ciliated pseudostratified epithelium |
| What is pulmonary ventilation? | breathing |
| Inspiration | process of getting air into the lungs |
| Expiration | process of getting air out of the lungs |
| P atm > P lung | inspiration, volume increases, pressure decreases |
| P atm = P lung | no movement of air |
| P atm < P lung | expiration, volume decreases, pressure increases |
| Spirometer | an instrument used to measure respiratory volumes and capacities |
| Respiratory volume | is the amount of air in a single respiratory event |
| Respiratory capacity | is the sum of two or more respiratory volumes |
| Tidal Volume TV | the amount of air inhaled or exhaled in normal breathing (~500mL) |
| Inspiratory Reserve Volume IRV | the amount of air INHALED or above normal inspiration (~3300mL) |
| Expiratory Reserve Volume ERV | the amount of air EXHALED after normal breathing (~1000mL) |
| Residual Volume RV | the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a complete exhalation (~1200mL) |
| Inspiratory Capacity IC | the amount of air that can be INHALED after a normal expiration. IC = TV + IRV |
| Vital Capacity VC | the amount of air that can be EXHALED after a maximum inhalation. VC = ERV + IRV + TV or VC = ERV + IC |
| Minimal Volume | the amount of oxygen in the alveoli |
| Total Lung Capacity TLC | the maximum amount of air contained in the lungs after a maximum inhalation. TLC = RV + VC |
| Functional Reserve Volume FRC | the amount of air in the lungs after a normal expiration. FRC = RV + ERV |
| Atelectasis | the collapse of air sacs and lungs |
Created by:
tmg1116
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