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AMST-antimicrobial
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two main functions of microbiology laboratory? | Diagnostic and Therapeutic |
| What is the definition of diagnostic, in terms of microbiology lab? | Detection, isolation, and identification of agents and or immunoassay (serology) |
| What is the definition of therapeutic in terms of microbiology lab? | antimicrobial susceptibility testing as a guide to appropriate therapy |
| What is the fundimental principle of antimicrobials and antimicrobial therapy? | Selective toxicity |
| What are three categories of antimicrobials? | antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral |
| What is meant by the optimal agent? | the one with the narrowest spectrum of activity, fewest side effects, and lowest toxicity |
| What are seven things that a physician must consider when treating an individual patient? | site of infection age status of liver and kidney pregnancy hypersensitivity idiosyncrasy drug interactions |
| What are four disadvantages to improper us of antimicrobials? | toxicity hypersensitivity alteration of indigenous flora selection of resistant strains |
| What are the three purposes of antimicrobial susceptibility testing? | initiation of appropriate therapy modification of existing therapy determination of susceptibility patterns in local environment |
| What are the methods that can be used in antimicrobial susceptibility? | Broth dilution Agar diffusion |
| What does broth dilution yield? | MIC value |
| What does agar diffusion yield? | SIR value |
| What is an Antibiogram? | a species susceptibility pattern |
| What is an antibiogram useful for? | guiding to an empirical therapy |
| Kirby-Bauer is what kind of method used in antimicrobial susceptibility? | Agar diffusion |
| What does SIR stand for? | Susceptible/Intermediate/Resistant |
| What do you use to determine the SIR? | the diameter of the zone of inhibition |
| What unit of measurement used in the zone of inhibition? | mM |
| What does it mean if there is a colony within the zone of inhibition? | There is a sub colony that is resistant to that antimicrobial |
| A zone has a fuzzy edge, what should be measured? | just the clear edge, not the fuzzy area |
| MIC is used to determine what? | the lowest concentration of drug that inhibits growth |
| When using a micro broth dilution for susceptibility testing, what do you look for to determine growth? | Cell button on bottom |
| If there is no cell button on the micro broth dilution susceptibility test, what can be concluded? | There was no growth or the microbe is susceptible to that concentration of the antimicrobial |
| What kind of agar is used in the kirby-bauer test? | Meuller hinton agar |
| When interpreting SIR what does it mean if a microbial is S? | MIC |
| When interpreting SIR what does it mean if a microbial is R? | MIC > achievable level by usual dosage and schedule |
| What does MIC stand for? | Minimal Inhibitory Concentration |
| When interpreting SIR what does it mean if a microbial is I? | MIC >= expected level at site of infection by usual dosage and schedule, may respond to high dosage |
| Why is it important to take note of a intermediate? | when there is no susceptible options |
| What is pseudomonus notorious for? | Naturally resistant |
Created by:
jnwells03
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