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Economics 201 Ch 7
Principles of Economics Ch 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Classical Economic Theory | The theory introduced by Scottish economist Adam Smith in the latter half of the 18th century |
| Adam Smith's most famous book. | An Inquiry into Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Publish in 1776. Also known as "The Wealth of Nations." |
| Besides Adam Smith, the other economists that contributed to the development of classical economic theory. | David Ricardo, Jean-Baptiste, and John Stuart Mill. |
| The ideal quantity of total output. | The quantity that will yield full employment. |
| Recessionary Gap | Real GDP is less than Natural Real GDP. During the trough phase of the business cycle, the unemployment rate may be higher than the natural unemployment rate. |
| Inflationary Gap | Real GDP is greater than Natura Real GDP. During the peak phase of the business cycle, the unemployment rate may be lower than the natural unemployment rate. |
| According to classical economic theory: | A market economy is self regulating and will automatically adjust to Natura Real GDP. Deviations from full employment are temporary and self correcting. |
| Karl Marx | The most famous 19th century critic of classical theory and market economies (capitalism). |
| According to Marx | Workers in a market economy would be exploited |
| Surplus Labor Value | The difference of what the capitalists would pay their workers and the value of the worker's output. |
| According to Marx, the exploitation of labor would mean: | Income would be distributed very unequally in a market economy. |
| Say's Law | Supply creates its own demand. |
| Flexible interest rates in the credit market cause: | Any consumer savings to be exactly offset by business investment. |
| The Investment Demand Curve | Is downward sloping. |
| The Savings Supply Curve | Is upward sloping. |
| The actual interest rate will be: | The equilibrium rate. |
| Any surplus or shortages in the labor market will be: | Eliminated by wages and price adjustments. |
| Long-Run Equilibrium | The Real GDP is equal to Natural Real GDP. |
| Laissez-faire | Do nothing, leave it alone, do not interfere with the economy. |