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A&P Ch. 25
Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organ that performs most of the urinary functions? | Kidneys |
| Approx. how many liters of blood do the kidneys filter per day? | 200 L |
| What do the kidneys produce that controls blood pressure? | Renin |
| Stimulates erythrocyte production | EPO |
| Superficial portion of the kidneys | Renal cortex |
| Deep portion of the kidneys | Renal medulla |
| Name the order of renal blood flow from the point the blood enters the kidney | Renal artery, interlobar arteries, arcuate arteries, nephrons, interlobar veins, renal vein |
| Functional unit of urine formation | Nephrons |
| Most common type of nephron | Cortical nephrons |
| Regulates water balance by concentrating or diluting urine | Juxtamedullary nephrons |
| Blood to filtrate filtration (first time) | Glomerular filtration |
| Filtrate to blood filtration | Tubular reabsorption |
| Blood to filtrate filtration (second time) | Tubular secretion |
| Recieves filtrate from glomerulus | Glomerular capsule |
| Capillary bed for filtration of blood | Glomerulus |
| Solution high in solute | Hypertonic solution |
| Solution low in solute | Hypotonic solution |
| Wherever _____ is transported __________ follows | NA+, Water |
| Why does water follow sodium? | When the sodium is transported it makes the blood hypertonic, increasing the osmotic pressure, and causing the water to transport via osmosis toward it. |
| Increases water reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct | ADH (Anti-Diuretic Hormone) |
| Substances are not reabsobed if they: | Lack carrier proteins, are not lipid soluble, or are too large to pass through membrane pores |
| most important nonreabsobed substances | Urea, creatinine, uric acid |
| Tubular secretion is important for: | Disposing of substances not already in the filtrate (such as medications), Ridding the body of excess K+, and controlling blood pH |
| Dilute urine is formed when: | Water intake is high, and/or solute intake is low |
| Concentrated urine is formed when: | Water intake is low, and/or solute intake is high, and/or there is other water loos occuring in the body |
| Chemicals that enhance urinary output? | Diuretics |
| Typical urine is _____ water, and _____ wastes | 95% water, and 5% wastes |
Created by:
Joshdole04
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