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Atherosclerosis/HTN
Patho Mid Term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atherosclerosis effects? | Med and Large arteries |
| Atherosclerosis does? | Changes the size in lumen whcih makes the artery smaller in width, therefore impedes blood perfusion->ischemia-> MI, STROKE, PVD (33% of deaths) |
| What is a Atheroma? | Intravascular Lesion |
| Pathogenesis of ATHEROSCLEROSIS | -Insidious origin-Subtle endotheliual injury from risk factors-Inflammation (C-R Protein). -Monocyte and other inflm cells bind to endothelium -Monocytes enter the intima(wall of vessel)-become macrophages-release free radicals & growth hormones |
| Pathogenesis of ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2 | -engulf lipids (=FOAM CELLS)- Poliferation of smooth muscle cells ( rapid dividing of SM cells) which takes up more space because they are moving into the intima -ATHEROMA FORMS!!!!! AND BLEEDING FROM BV LUMEN GOES INTO THE INTIMA |
| Hypertension | Persistant High BP |
| What are the 4 Control systems for HTN | 1. Arterial barorecptor 2.Regulation of fluid and volume 3.Rennin-Angiotensin Sytem 4.Vaso Autoregulation |
| What do the 4 Control Systems for HTN DO? | Maintain BP |
| What does the Rennin- Angiotensin System do? | Stimulates Angiotenson1- gives rise to Angiotenson 2. |
| Idiopathic | Cant cure, Must manage |
| What are the 5 types of Hypertension | Primary, Secondary, White coat, Malignant and Systolic HYPERTENSION |
| Primary HTN | -Also called idiopathic (90% of patients) -Multifactorial (Kidney implicated) |
| Secondary HTN | -Identifiable cause ( renal disease) 10 % |
| Cause of Systolic Hypertension | Change is vessel compliance (d/t atherosclerosis) which means decreased elasticity which increases systolic but not diastolic |
| White coat hypertension | Having a normal BP except for in a health care setting. WEIRD ? |
| Malignant Hypertension | Sudden RISE in BP, DIASOLIC PRESSURE > 120! EMERGENCY!!!!! |
| PRIMARY HTN MANIFESTATIONS | -no early symptoms -Later AM headaches, dizziness, fatigue, blurred vision, heart palpitations -Chronic organ damage |
| PRIMARY HTN TX | -Keep healthy lifestyle -DASH diet (Dietary approach stop hypertension) -DRUGS |
| Drugs to treat PRIMARY HTN | 1) DIURETIC ALONE 2)DIURETIC AND CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER 3)Life style + diuretic + ACE INHIBITORS 4)Life style + diuretic + Beta blocker |
Created by:
tara morrison
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