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AFR2130 Mid-Term

Mid-Term Ch 1-7

QuestionAnswer
What is the basic definition of Air & Space Power? The synergistic application of air, space, and information systems to project global strategic military power.
List the core competencies. Developing Airmen, Technology-to-warfighting, Integrating Operations
What are the distinctive capabilities? Air & Space Superiority, Information Superiority, Global Attack, Precision Engagement, Rapid Global Mobility, Agile Combat Support
Define functions. Broad, fundamental, and continuing activities of air and space power not unique to the Air Force.
What is the Air & Space Doctrine? A belief in the best way to implement/use air and space power based on history, technology, future threats, and leaders' experience.
List the Principles of War. Unity of Command, Mass, Manuever, Objective, Offensive, Surprise, Simplicity, Security, Economy of Force.
What are the tenents of Air and Space Power? Centralized control and decentralized execution, Flexability/Versatility, Synergistic Effects, Persistence, Concentration, Priority, Balance.
Man first flew aloft a balloon in what year? 1783.
How long did the Wright Bros. first flight last? 12 seconds. It flew 120 feet.
How did the Wright Bros. approach flying? Scientifically and systematically.
The Wright Bros. used the experience of who? Lilienthal, Pilcher and Chanute.
The Wright Bros. built a glider in Dayton, OH and moved it where? Kitty Hawk, NC.
What was the name of the Wright Bros. machine powered aircraft?
The U.S. government reacted to the Wright Bros. machine powered aircraft with what? Skepticism.
Why did the U.S. government react to the Wright Bros. machine powered aircraft with skepticism? Because of Langley's failures.
What two countries were enthusiastic about the Wright Bros. invention? Britain and France.
How did the Army react to the Wright Bros. invention? They didn't see a lot of military utility in the airplane.
What did Specification #486 establish? Requirements for the first military aircraft.
What is strategic bombing? Strikes deep into enemy territory to destroy war making capabilities.
Who developed metal strips for propellers so machine gun bullets would not shatter the props? Roland Garros.
Who designed synchronizing gear so bullets would pass through the spinning propeller blades? Anthony Fokker.
Strategic bombin in WWI was limited in what? Scope and intensity.
The Allied bombing on Germany began when? 1914.
In the beginning, Allied bombing of Germany was what? Light and ineffective.
Allies created the Inter-Allied Independent Air Force (IAIAF) in 1919 for the purpose of bombing who? Germany.
Name two Strategic Bombing Theorists. Sir Hugh Trenchard and Giulio Douhet.
Commander of RAF who believed allies should attack German homeland round the clock. Sir Hugh Trenchard.
Giulio Douhet believed that all future wars would be won in the air with what? Bombers.
Giulio Douhet believed that land and naval forces would be what? Defensive.
Giulio Douhet believed the air weapon should be able to break an enemy's resistance by attacking his what? Ports, railroads, and economic structure.
Giulio Douhet believed that bombers made production of most other crafts __________. Useless.
What could be obtained by destroying the ground organization of the enemy's air force? Air Superiority.
Following WWI, the U.S. returned to what? Isolationism.
Who was the leader of a group of officers determined to gain independence for the Army Air Service and form a third armed service? General Billy Mitchell.
Gen Mitchell believed the air service was an __________ force equal to the Army and Navy. Offensive.
The Army and Navy strongly __________ Gen Mitchell's views. Opposed.
Due to Mitchell's agitation and the recommendations of these and other boards and reports, Congress passed what? Army Reorganization Act of 1920.
Gen Mitchell stunned and embarrassed who? The Navy.
Gen Mitchell sparked __________ feuding. Interservice.
Gen Mitchell was demoted to what rank? Lt Col.
In Oct 1925, Lt Col Mitchell was __________ as a result of his last attack. Court-martialed.
Gen Mitchell focused attention on __________ and forced people to accept it's potential. Airpower.
Gen Mitchell mentored who? Many aviators who would carry out his work.
Gen Mitchell was convinced the airplane would do what? Change the way nations conducted war.
Following WWI, America was tired of what? War.
Following WWI, the view of the military in American __________. Diminished.
According to ACTS, air service should be equal to what? Sea and ground services?
According to ACTS, future war would be decided by what? Airpower.
According to ACTS, what could defeat an enemy without heavy losses? High-altitude daylight bombing.
Was pursuit and attack aviation a decisive airpower strategy? No.
According to AWPD Plan #1, air mission would be offensive in nature from the start, and it would emphasize what? Strategic bombing.
According to AWPD Plan #1, ground support missions would be what? Secondary.
AWPD Plan #1 called for defending the Western Hemisphere and holding whose aggression at bay in the Pacific? Japanese.
According to AWPD Plan #1, precision bombing on what would break German morale later on? Industry and economy.
The key flaw in AWPD-1 was the lack of provision for long-range what for the bombers? Fighter escort.
Just before AWPD-1 was produced, the Army Air Corps and GHQ Air Force were merged to form what? US Army Air Forces (AAF).
The Air Forces were put on equal level with the ground forces and given organizational autonomy with who? The Army.
Creation of the AAF proved to be just one step from full independence as a what? Separate service.
Who believed the AAF performance in WWII would help strengthen the case for a separate service? Gen Arnold.
Given the importance and influence of AWPD-1, war plans in the future would be developed and implemented by who? Airmen.
The most valuable lesson the AAF learned in North Africa was how to employ airpower in what? Tactical situations.
During the North African Campaign, airpower was used __________, as in an air umbrella Defensively.
During the North African Campaign, there was little _______________, interdiction, or air superiority Close air support.
During the North African Campaign, allied airpower was fragmented and __________ and allowed the Luftwaffe to concentrate and fight where it wanted. Inflexible.
During the North African Campaign, the Allies had given up what? The initiative.
The United States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS) discovered that the best targets would have been the __________ and the electrical system. POL industry.
Attacks on submarine pens and ball bearing plants were what? Not as effective.
British terror bombing of civilians was __________ and didn't lower German morale. Ineffective.
Bombers needed what to and from targets to minimize losses? Fighter escorts.
Tactical airpower was used in the Pacific Theater during WWII to interdict what? Enemy positions, troops, and morale of forces.
Tactical airpower was used in the Pacific Theater during WWII to establish what? Air superiority that eventually wore down the Japanese.
Doolittle Raiders attacked who? Tokyo and three other cities.
_____ AF, a strategic bombing unit, was formed in 1944 and began to attack Japan from bases in China with few results. 20th.
Gen LeMay changed from __________ to _________ bombing. Daylight, night time.
Gen LeMay used what type of bombs to destroy wooden structures? Incendiary (fire).
Bombing altitudes were lowered to 5K-9K feet to improve what? Accuracy.
Bombers carried larger bombs because machine guns were not needed due to little __________ or __________ opposition. Fighter, AAA.
Nuclear attacks on what two cities in Aug 1945 forced the Japanese to surrender? Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
What were the names of the two nuclear bombs used? Little Boy (Hiroshima) and Fat Man (Nagasaki).
Created by: karebear504
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