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Painting Exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Watercolors | are paints that are water soluble and have a transparent, translucent quality to the work. Watercolors come in cake and tube form and use a small amount of binder to hold the pigments together |
| Wet-in-Wet Technique | is a watercolor technique where wet paint is applied to paper that has already had clean water applied to the surface. This technique provides soft, gradual, diffusion between colors |
| Emphasis | is a principle of visual art that refers to arranging the elements to draw attention in a composition. Emphasis is not in itself a focal point... However...it can be used to help create and establish a focal point |
| Variety in Size | is an important part of creating a focal point and making artwork more dynamic. The use of small, medium, and large elements are an important part of making a static composition more interesting |
| Line Weight | is the term used to describe the thickness of lines |
| salt with watercolor paint | creates a chemical reaction that pushes the pigments away from the salt crystals. This can be used to create various effects and textures in the paint |
| gravity | simply by tilting painting you will allow colors to blend and diffuse in whatever direction you wish as gravity does it work |
| Mop Brush | is a large, fat brush used in watercolor to lay down or absorb a lot of watercolor or plain water very quickly over large areas |
| Watercolor Paper | Is a special type of paper that is made to hold the powdered pigments of paint that are suspended in water. It is also strong, is held together by a binder that resists water |
| Mat | is a decorative border usually made out of paperboard. Artwork is attached to the back of the paperboard and displayed through the opening in the center |
| Comparative Presentation | is a type of artistic presentation where two pieces of artwork are presented together as one piece so that the viewer can see how the two individual pieces relate to one another |
| Piet Mondrian | was a Dutch painter and a pioneer of 20th-century abstract art. Co-founder of a famous art movement, he is known for his highly refined, non-representational paintings, which feature grids of black lines and blocks of primary colors |
| De Stijl | was a Dutch art movement founded in 1917. It advocated for a pure, abstract art form that would create universal harmony through the use of geometric shapes and primary colors. Another name for this art movement is Neoplasticism |
| Masking | is a painting technique where tape is used to protect an area to keep it free of paint… or to provide sharp edges and lines when applying paint to a surface |
| Acrylic Paint | is a fast-drying, water-based paint made from plastic pigments suspended in an acrylic polymer emulsion that becomes water-resistant when dry |
| Canvas Board | is a painting support that is made up of a piece of thick cardboard that is then covered with canvas fabric and sprayed with a primer to prepare it for accepting paint. |
| Palette | is the surface a painter holds and mixes their paint colors on before applying it to canvas |
| Red, Yellow, and Blue are these kinds of colors. | Primary Colors are colors that cannot be created by mixing other colors |
| Secondary Colors are Orange, Green, and Purple | created by mixing two primary colors in equal proportions. On a traditional color wheel, these secondary colors sit between the primary colors from which they are made |
| Tertiary colors | are also known as intermediate colors and are formed by mixing a primary color and a secondary color that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel. red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, blue-green, blue-violet, and red-violet. |
| Solvent | is whatever breaks paint down and thins it out. It would also be what you would need to wash out and clean your paint brushes and tools |
| Opaque Paints | are paints that are not transparent in nature. These type of paints are solid and light-blocking |
| Primer | is used and applied to a canvas or other surface to prepare the surface for accepting paint. Using this means that the paint will spread easier on the surface, while also providing archival properties for long term preservation |
| Gesso | an Italian word for a type of acrylic paint primer used to prepare a surface for accepting paint. It is commonly used by painters to prepare canvas fabric before layers of paint are applied |
| Silhouette | a flat black shape that is created when objects are lit from behind by a light source. This means all of the details are lost from the interior and the viewer is only left with the very outside basic shape of the object |
| Atmospheric Perspective | Distant objects look lighter and hazier because dust, moisture, and particles in the air scatter light before it reaches your eyes |
| Value Scale | a tool used to measure the distance between darks and lights. It can help an artist determine the balance between darks and lights in a composition |
| Gradient | the term used to describe when something gradually and smoothly transitions from one shade to another. A painting of a sky where it gradually gets lighter near the horizon line would be an example |
| Overlapping | a device used by visual artists to create a sense of space and distance in a piece of artwork. When objects are placed in front of one another they block a portion of what we can see, therefore we understand what is closest and farthest away |
| Depth | the idea of creating a sense of space and distance in a composition from the objects closest to you, to the objects that are furthest away. It is also used to make flat things look 3D |
| Foreground | is the part of a composition that is closest to the viewer. These objects usually appear near the bottom of the paper or canvas |
| Middle Ground | is the area in the composition that isn’t close, but also isn’t the farthest away |
| Background | a composition would be the objects and visual information that appears to be the farthest away in a composition |
| Landscape | a common choice of subject matter for the visual artist. The composition is based on a large, open expanse of space and earth |
| Flat Brush | a type of brush shape where the bristles are straight and squared off at the ends with a 90 degree angle on both sides |
| Round Brush | a type of brush shape where the bristles are arranged in a staggered, circular pattern at the end of the brush |
| Edges | are painted when the paint reaches the perimeter when painting a canvas |
| Pallet Knife | comes in many different shapes and sizes, and is good for both mixing paint and applying paint to a surface |
| Pop Art | movement took everyday commercialized objects and worked them into works of art that were intended to get people to think about what could or could not be considered fine or high art |
| Roy Lichtenstein | was an influential American artist widely recognized for his iconic paintings and prints that appropriated imagery from comic strips and popular advertising. He was known for a style that mimics the appearance of commercial printing |
| Andy Warhol | He is known for his work with mass media, fame, and consumer culture, using commercial techniques to create iconic works such as the Campbell's Soup cans and portraits of celebrities like Marilyn Monroe |
| Dynamic Line Weight | refers to the changing of line thickness in a drawing or painting in order to make it more interesting. Cartoonists and animators use this technique often when creating characters, objects, and backgrounds |
| Ben-Day dots | Small, handpainted, and colored dots that were used to mimic commercial printing techniques |
| Pop Art | movement that focused on commercial art and modern culture |
| 1950s to 1970s | were the years when a group of American and British artists created the Pop Art |
| Scale | refers to how large or small something is in comparison to one another |
| Proportion | the relationship between the sizes of different elements within a composition |
| Acrylic Blending | technique is used when a painter is trying to achieve a smooth and gradual transition between colors and/or in value in pain |
| Abstraction | happens in art when an artist reduces and simplifies something, but still leaves the object recognizable for what it is |
| Modernism | is a cultural and artistic movement that rejects old traditions, embraces new ideas, and focuses on radical experimentation. Rising between the late 19th century and the mid-20th century, it aimed to reflect a rapidly changing industrial world |
| Georgia O'Keeffe | One of the first famous female American painters created innovative Impressionist art that evolved throughout her career. She is best known for her close-up, abstract paintings of flowers, cattle skulls, and desert landscapes. |
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