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Black Holes

Black Hole notes

QuestionAnswer
Black Hole Astronomical entity with gravity so strong that light cannot escape.
Gravitational Singularity Point at the center of a black hole where density and spacetime curvature become infinite.
TOV Limit Maximum mass limit for a stable neutron star beyond which it collapses into a black hole.
The boundary surrounding a black hole marking the point of no return where escape velocity equals light speed.
Schwarzschild Radius Radius defining the event horizon of a non-rotating black hole, calculated as r = 2GM/c².
Spaghettification Stretching of objects due to extreme tidal gravitational forces near a black hole's event horizon.
No-Hair Theorem Principle stating that black holes are completely characterized by only three parameters: mass, charge, and angular momentum.
Kerr Metric Metric describing rotating black holes possessing mass and angular momentum.
Ergosphere Pumpkin-shaped region outside a rotating Kerr black hole's event horizon where frame-dragging forces spacetime to rotate.
Penrose Process Mechanism by which energy can be extracted from the ergosphere of a rotating black hole.
Super-radiance Process where waves scattering off a rotating black hole's ergosphere gain energy, potentially creating a "black hole bomb".
Hawking Radiation Thermal blackbody radiation emitted near the event horizon due to quantum pair creation, causing black holes to evaporate.
Black Hole Information Paradox Paradox regarding whether physical information is lost when matter falls into a black hole and evaporates.
Holographic Principle Theory suggesting that all volume information inside a black hole is encoded on its boundary event horizon.
Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) Black holes millions to billions of solar masses found at the centers of galaxies like the Milky Way.
Sagittarius A* Supermassive black hole located at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Global radio telescope array using VLBI to capture direct images of black hole shadows (M87* and Sgr A*).
Katie Bouman Computer scientist who led the development of the CHIRP algorithm used to reconstruct EHT images.
LIGO Observatory that made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from binary black hole mergers.
Andrea Ghez Astronomer awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the supermassive compact object Sagittarius A*.
Created by: kromeo
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