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Biotech Ch3b

Biotech Essentials

QuestionAnswer
Chemical substances that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria Antibiotics
polymer of sugars and amino acids that forms the bacterial cell wall. Peptidoglycan
laboratory technique that differentiates bacteria into two groups based on cell wall structure, using crystal violet dye Gram Stain
Bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain and appear purple; have thick peptidoglycan cell walls. Gram-positive
Bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain and appear pink/red; have thin peptidoglycan layers and an outer membrane Gram-negative
Spherical or round-shaped bacteria Coccus
Rod-shaped bacteria Bacillus
Spiral or corkscrew - shaped bacteria Spirillum
Prefix indicating bacteria arranged in chains Strepto
Prefix indicating bacteria arranged in grape-like clusters Staphylo
Organisms that require oxygen for growth and survival Aerobic
Organisms that do not require oxygen for growth and survival Anaerobic
Organisms that grow best at cold temperatures (typically 0-20°C). Psychrophilic
Organisms that grow best at moderate temperatures (typically 20-45°C Mesophilic
Organisms that grow best at high temperatures (typically 45-80°C or higher Thermophilic
Sodium chloride; used in food preservation by creating high-salt environments that inhibit microbial growth. Salt (NaCl)
An organic acid produced by certain bacteria during fermentation; Lactic acid
A recombinant human insulin produced by genetically modified bacteria, used to treat diabetes Humulin
Created by: MCHSBiotech
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