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CFDA (IN) U4 Vocab
Computing Foundations for a Digital Age Indiana Unit 4 All Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cybersecurity | the practice of protecting computers, networks, and personal data from being stolen, changed, or damaged |
| malware | software intended to damage a computing system or to take partial control over its operation |
| threat | any potential cause of harm to a computer system or network |
| vulnerability | a weakness in a system that could be exploited by an attacker |
| phishing | a technique that attempts to trick a user into providing personal information. That personal information can then be used to access sensitive online resources, such as bank accounts and emails |
| attack | a malicious activity aimed at disrupting, damaging, destroying or gaining unauthorized access to information systems, networks or the data they contain |
| deepfake | a video or audio that has been manipulated using AI to look or sound like a real person |
| smishing | a type of phishing that happens over text message (SMS) |
| social engineering | manipulating people into giving up private information or doing something risky |
| vishing | a type of phishing that happens over phone call or voicemail |
| CIA Triad | a set of core rules for protecting information and stands for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability |
| availability | making information accessible to the people who need it, when they need it |
| confidentiality | keeping information private so only the right people can see it |
| integrity | ensuring that information stays correct and hasn't been changed without permission |
| AAA tools | a set of tools used in cybersecurity to help systems protect information and manage what users can do |
| accounting | when a system keeps track of what users do so suspicious activity can be detected and reviewed |
| authentication | the process a system uses to check that you are who you say you are |
| authorization | rules a system uses to decide what you’re allowed to do once you’re logged in |
| decryption | a process that reverses encryption, taking a secret message and reproducing the original plain text |
| encryption | a process of encoding messages to keep them secret, so only "authorized" parties can read it |
| asymmetric encryption | encryption that uses two different keys: a public key to lock the message and a private key to unlock it |
| symmetric encryption | encryption where the same key is used to lock and unlock the message |
| layered defense | using multiple, independent security features to protect systems and data |
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