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Napoleon
Napoleon Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Napoleon Bonaparte | The legendary French general and first French emperor who conquered much of Europe before his final defeat at Waterloo. |
| Coup of 18 Brumaire | The historic political takeover in 1799 that threw out the old French Directory and established Napoleon as leader. |
| Rosetta Stone | The famous ancient multi-language artifact discovered by French soldiers during Napoleon's military campaign in Egypt. |
| Horatio Nelson | The brilliant British naval admiral who destroyed the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile and died winning at Trafalgar. |
| Continental System | Napoleon's widespread trade embargo of Great Britain designed to damage the British economy by blocking European ports. |
| Lines of Torres Vedras | The hidden lines of defensive forts built by the British and Portuguese to stop Napoleon's forces during the Peninsular War. |
| Mikhail Kutuzov | The clever Russian general who fought Napoleon at Borodino and used scorched-earth tactics to destroy resources. |
| Invasion of Russia | The disastrous 1812 military campaign where freezing winter cold and scorched-earth tactics ruined Napoleon's Grand Army. |
| Hundred Days | The exciting period in 1815 when Napoleon escaped from his first exile on Elba and returned to rule France once more. |
| Battle of Waterloo | The legendary 1815 battle in Belgium where the Seventh Coalition and the Duke of Wellington permanently defeated Napoleon. |
| Saint Helena | The remote, rocky island in the South Atlantic Ocean where Napoleon was permanently exiled until his death in 1821. |
| Napoleon III | The nephew of Napoleon who won an election, carried out a self-coup, and established the Second French Empire. |
| Karl Marx | The philosopher who wrote a historical essay about the Bonaparte family, mocking that history repeats itself "first as tragedy, second as farce." |
| Baron Haussmann | The civic planner commissioned by Napoleon III to completely rebuild, widen, and modernize the streets of Paris. |
| Franco-Prussian War | The 1870 war fueled by the edited Ems Dispatch where Napoleon III was captured by Prussian forces after losing the Battle of Sedan. |