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Chapter 3 Review!
Administrative Agencies
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is an administrative agency? | A government body created to regulate specific activities and enforce laws. |
| Why are administrative agencies created? | To provide expertise and oversee complex areas of public policy. |
| What are the three primary functions of administrative agencies? | Rulemaking, enforcement, and adjudication. |
| What is rulemaking? | The process of creating regulations that have the force of law. |
| What is adjudication? | The process of resolving disputes through agency hearings. |
| What is enforcement? | Monitoring compliance and imposing penalties for violations. |
| What is the Administrative Procedure Act (APA)? | A federal law governing how administrative agencies create and enforce regulations. |
| What is a substantive rule? | A regulation that has the force and effect of law. |
| What is a procedural rule? | A rule describing how an agency operates. |
| What is notice-and-comment rulemaking? | A process that allows the public to review and comment on proposed regulations. |
| What is an administrative law judge (ALJ)? | An official who conducts agency hearings and makes decisions. |
| What is judicial review? | The authority of courts to review agency actions and decisions. |
| What is enabling legislation? | A law that creates an administrative agency and defines its powers. |
| What is delegated authority? | Power granted by Congress to an administrative agency. |
| What is a subpoena? | An order requiring a person to testify or produce documents. |
| What is an administrative hearing? | A formal proceeding before an agency to resolve a dispute. |
| What is due process? | The constitutional requirement of fair procedures before government action affects rights. |
| What is agency expertise? | Specialized knowledge that agencies use to regulate complex industries. |
| What is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)? | A federal agency responsible for environmental regulation and enforcement. |
| What is the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)? | A federal agency that regulates securities markets and protects investors. |
| What is the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)? | A federal agency that regulates communications by radio, television, internet, and cable. |
| What is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)? | A federal agency that regulates food, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics. |
| What is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)? | A federal agency that promotes workplace safety and health. |
| What is the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)? | A federal agency that protects employees’ rights to organize and bargain collectively. |
| What is compliance? | Following laws, regulations, and agency requirements. |
| What is an agency investigation? | An inquiry conducted to determine whether laws or regulations have been violated. |
| What are administrative penalties? | Fines, sanctions, or other punishments imposed by agencies. |
| What is an independent regulatory agency? | An agency that operates with some independence from executive branch control. |
| What is an executive agency? | An agency that operates under the direct control of the President. |
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