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Thirty Years War

Thirty Years War Notes

QuestionAnswer
Thirty Years War The 1618-1648 pan-European religious and political conflict ended by the landmark Peace of Westphalia.
Gustavus Adolphus The Swedish "Lion of the North" who revolutionized modern military tactics before dying at the Battle of Lützen.
Count von Tilly The Catholic Imperial general who crushed Christian of Anhalt but was later decisively defeated at Breitenfeld.
War of the Mantuan Succession The 1628-1631 Italian proxy conflict triggered by the death of the Gonzaga brothers without a male heir.
Treaty of Cherasco The 1631 treaty that concluded the Mantuan war, confirming the rule of Charles, Duke of Nevers.
Casale The strategic northern Italian fortress subjected to two brutal sieges where governor Ambrogio Spinola died.
Battle of Lützen The 1632 battle featuring a heavy fog where both Gustavus Adolphus and cavalry general Pappenheim were killed.
Edict of Restitution The 1629 imperial decree by Ferdinand II that outlawed Calvinism and demanded the return of all secularized church lands.
Albrecht von Wallenstein The brilliant Imperial generalissimo who fought the Swedes at Lützen and was later assassinated by order of the Emperor.
Battle of White Mountain The early 1620 battle where Imperial forces crushed the Bohemians, forcing Frederick V (the Winter King) to flee.
Battle of Rocroi The 1643 battle where the French Duc d'Enghien completely routed the veteran Spanish tercios under Francisco de Melo.
Pinerolo The strategic stronghold secretly retained by France in the Treaty of Cherasco to maintain a foothold in northern Italy.
Pappenheim The fierce Catholic Field Marshal and leader of the Black Cuirassiers who was mortally wounded at Lützen.
Peace of Westphalia The collective 1648 treaties of Münster and Osnabrück that permanently established the modern principle of state sovereignty.
Created by: kromeo
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