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ID 2-3
BDK
| Pharmacologic Category | Generic Name | Brand Name | Common Indications | Essential Knowledge |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Topical antibiotic | neomycin + polymyxin B + bacitracin (topical, ophthalmic) | Topical: Neosporin (OTC) Ophthalmic: Neo-Polycin | Topical infection prevention Ocular infections | Key Side Effects: reddening, itching |
| Antibiotic | mupirocin (topical) | Bactroban | MRSA decolonization | Key Side Effects: no major side effects |
| Antibiotic | metronidazole (PO, IV) | Flagyl | Anaerobic infections, CDI Activity against: Bacteroides species, Clostridioides difficile | Key Side Effects: nausea, metallic taste, disulfiram reaction with alcohol, peripheral neuropathy (long-term use) |
| Glycopeptide antibiotic | vancomycin (IV, PO) | Vancocin | IV: SSTI, HAP, meningitis, endocarditis, CRBSI PO: CDI Activity against: MRSA, Clostridioides difficile (PO only) | Key Side Effects: nephrotoxicity, vancomycin infusion reaction, ototoxicity |
| Aminoglycoside antibiotic | tobramycin (IV, inhaled) | Tobi (inhaled) | HAP, cystic fibrosis (nebulized only) Activity against: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Key Side Effects: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity |
| Urinary antibiotic | fosfomycin (PO) | Monurol | Cystitis Activity against: Escherichia coli | Key Side Effects: headache, diarrhea, nausea |
| Urinary antibiotic | nitrofurantoin (PO) | Macrobid | Cystitis Activity against: Escherichia coli | Key Side Effects: nausea, pulmonary fibrosis (chronic use) |
| Sulfonamide antibiotic | sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (PO, IV) | Bactrim, Bactrim DS | SSTI, cystitis, pyelonephritis, opportunistic infection prophylaxis Activity against: MRSA, Enterobacteriaceae | Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes (rarely SJS or TEN), photosensitivity, crystalluria, hyperkalemia, increased serum creatinine, hypersensitivity reactions |
| Lincosamide antibiotic | clindamycin (PO, IV) | Cleocin | SSTI, pharyngitis Activity against: MRSA | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile diarrhea US Boxed Warnings: Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis |
| Tetracycline antibiotic | minocycline (PO, IV) | Minocin | SSTI, acne Activity against: MRSA | esophagitis (doxycycline only), photosensitivity, DILE (minocycline only) avoid in children <8 years old, pregnancy, and breastfeeding due to bone growth sup. and teeth discoloration; 2 hours before or 6 hours after divalent or trivalent cation = milk |
| Tetracycline antibiotic | doxycycline (PO, IV) | Vibramycin | SSTI, CAP, tickborne diseases Activity against: MRSA, atypicals | esophagitis (doxycycline only), photosensitivity, DILE (minocycline only) avoid in children <8 years old, pregnancy, and breastfeeding due to bone growth sup. and teeth discoloration; 2 hours before or 6 hours after divalent or trivalent cation = milk |
| Macrolide antibiotic | fidaxomicin (PO) | Dificid | CDI Activity against: Clostridioides difficile | Key Side Effects: nausea Other Notes: do not use for systemic infections (no systemic absorption) |
| Macrolide antibiotic | azithromycin (PO, IV) | Zithromax, Z-Pak, Zmax | CAP Activity against: Chlamydia trachomatis, atypicals | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, QTc prolongation |
| Fluoroquinolone antibiotic | moxifloxacin (ophthalmic, PO, IV) | Ophthalmic: Vigamox, PO, IV: Avelox | Ophthalmic: bacterial conjunctivitis, PO, IV: CAP Activity against: Streptococcus pneumoniae, atypicals, tuberculosis | QTc prolong, increased LFTs, photosens BW: tendinitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects; weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis take 2 before or 6 hours after cations; risk of aortic dissection or rupture, dysglycemias |
| Fluoroquinolone antibiotic | levofloxacin (PO, IV) | Levaquin | CAP, HAP, VAP, pyelonephritis Activity against: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, atypicals, Enterobacteriaceae | QTc prolong, increased LFTs, photosens BW: tendinitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects; weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis take 2 before or 6 hours after cations; risk of aortic dissection or rupture, dysglycemias |
| Fluoroquinolone antibiotic | ciprofloxacin (PO, IV) | Cipro | Pyelonephritis, HAP, VAP Activity against: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, atypicals, Enterobacteriaceae | QTc prolong, increased LFTs, photosens BW: tendinitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects; weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis take 2 before or 6 hours after cations; risk of aortic dissection or rupture, dysglycemias |
| Carbapenem | ertapenem (IV) | Invanz | DFI, IAI Activity against: ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensitivity reactions, seizures with excessive doses |
| Carbapenem | meropenem (IV) | Merrem | Meningitis, HAP, DFI, IAI Activity against: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae | Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensitivity reactions, seizures with excessive doses |
Created by:
beezy41
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