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POWER PLANT
J RECIPROCATING ENGINE OPERATION, INSTRUMENTS, MAINTENANCE, AND OVERHAUL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What indications are given in the event of a leaking or open primer while the engine is running? | The engine will not idle properly. |
| A cold cylinder is found when troubleshooting a running engine. What does this indicate? | No combustion in that cylinder. |
| When pulling a propeller through, a hissing sound is heard, indicating valve blow-by. What procedure should be performed next? | A compression check should be performed to identify the faulty cylinder. |
| What is the purpose of performing a compression test? | To determine if the valves, pistons and rings are sealing properly. |
| When an engine is overhauled, how is its total time affected? When an engine is rebuilt, how is its operating history affected? | The total time on the engine must be continued and the time since major overhaul is entered into the engine log. If the manufacturer rebuilds the engine, it is granted a zero-time status and is considered to have no previous operating history. |
| What inspections should be performed after a propeller strike without sudden stoppage? | 1. Inspect engine mounts, the crankcase, and the nose section for damage. 2. Inspect the oil and oil filters/screens for metal particles. 3. Inspect the crankshaft or driveshaft for cracks and misalignment. |
| Name some of the precautions that should be performed prior to engine removal. | Disconnect the battery, tum off the fuel valves, chock the wheels, and if necessary, install a tail stand. |
| When inspecting a piston, where are cracks most likely to be found | In those areas that are highly stressed; usually the base of the piston bosses, inside at the junction of the bore and the walls, and the ring lands. |
| What does it mean if an engine part is within "serviceable limits"? | It means that the part is within the manufacturer's limits and can be used in an engine (does not require replacement). |
| What tools or instruments are used to inspect a cylinder barrel for out-of-roundness? | A dial indicator or an inside micrometer is usually used to measure the top of the cylinder and at the skirt. A telescopic gauge and micrometer can also be used. Two readings should be taken 90# to each other. |
| How can a loose stud in an engine crankcase be repaired? | Remove the loose stud and inspect the hole for size and thread condition. It may be necessary to use an oversize stud or Heli Coil® insert |
| What publication is used to check an engine for normal operation? | Manufacturer's maintenance manual. |
| A weak cylinder is found during a compression check. What must be inspected? | Pressure is transmitted equally in all directions. |
| What purpose does an oil analysis serve? | Metal particles in the oil show normal and abnormal wear of the engine. This helps in evaluating the engine's internal condition. ( |
| What inspection should be performed on an engine that has been in storage? | Perform an inspection to determine if there is any corrosion damage. |
| Where would a carburetor air temperature bulb be located? | In the ram air intake duct |
| What is the fuel pressure range on float-type carburetors? | 3 to 5 psi |
| Name the basic components of a fuel indicator system. | The transmitter and the indicator. |
| What unit of measure is generally used to indicate fuel flow? | - Pounds or gallons per hour. |
| Why is fuel flow monitored? | To determine fuel consumption and engine performance. |
| What does the manifold gauge indicate and how is it calibrated? | It measures the absolute pressure in the engine manifold and is calibrated in inches of mercury |
| What directly controls manifold pressure? | Throttle opening and engine r.p.m. |
| During engine operation, where should the propeller control be set when checking the manifold pressure? | - Low pitch, high r.p.m. |
| Is the aircraft electrical system required to power a cylinder head temperature gauge? | No. A thermocouple is used as the electrical source. |
| What are the possible indications of an oil pressure transmitter or indicator malfunction? | A severe or sudden drop in oil pressure while the oil temperature remains normal and the oil supply remains full. |
| What does a tachometer indicate on a reciprocating engine? | Engine r.p.m. |
| Where should the thermocouple be installed on a reciprocating engine using a single probe cylinder head temperature system? | On the hottest cylinder. |
| What is the purpose of dynamic dampers on crankshafts? | They reduce engine vibration. |
| What types of bearings are generally found in reciprocating engines? | Plain, ball and roller bearings. |
| Are the connecting rods used in each cylinder of a radial engine the same? Explain. | No. Radial engines use master and articulating rod assemblies. |
| Name the different types of piston rings. | - Oil control, compression and oil scraper. |
| Where should piston ring gaps be installed relative to each other, and why? | Compression ring gaps should be staggered so that they do not align. This prevents excessive blow-by |
| What could result from incorrectly installed piston rings? | Excessive oil consumption. |
| What purpose do oil control rings serve? | They regulate the thickness of the oil film on the cylinder walls. |
| What is used to help prevent valve surge or floating in an aircraft engine? | TWO or more springs are used on each valve. |
| On engines equipped with hydraulic valve lifters, what should the running valve clearance be? | Zero. |
| What is the purpose of valve overlap? | It allows better volumetric efficiency and lowers cylinder operating temperatures. |
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S_A_J
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