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Aural Rehab 6
Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the most common birth defect? | hearing loss |
| How many new babies are identified each year? | 16k-18k |
| What is auditory brain access? | hearing |
| How many children with hearing loss are born to parents with normal hearing? | around 95% |
| What can we do with the new population that has their hearing loss identified at birth? | facilitate access of enriched auditory/linguistic information to the bay's brain |
| What does it mean that "hearing is a first order event?" | It must happen in order for spoken communication and literacy skills to develop |
| What area of the brain lights up during literacy? | the auditory cortex |
| What is hearing loss truly about? | the brain, NOT the ears |
| What do the ears do for hearing? | the send the sound to the brain to be heard/processed |
| Why must hearing aids/FM systems/cochlear implants be used full time? | to give full access to the brain |
| How long do infants have auditory neural experiences in utero? | around 20 weeks |
| When does the cochlea develop? | around halfway through pregnancy |
| What does sound heard in utero help with? | developing neural pathways |
| What must happen for auditory pathways to mature? | acoustic stimulation of the brain early and often |
| What is 1-3-6? | Identify hearing loss by one month, diagnosis by three months, and intervention services are in place by six months |
| Why is 1-3-6 changing to 1-2-3? | the FDA has approved cochlear implant surgery by 9 months, so making a shorter timeline will help prepare for surgery at the 9 month mark |
| What is neuroplasticity? | experiences reorganize neural pathways in the brain |
| What organ is unfinished at birth? | the brain |
| What does repeated auditory stimulation lead to? | stronger neural connections |
| When does 90% of brain growth and development occurs? | within the first three years of life |
| What does synaptic Pruning do? | helps keep the important brain info and get rid of what is not being used |
| What do neurons need to survive> | a purpose |
| What does deafness cause within the brain? | re-organization due to the absence of consistent auditory input. areas of the brain that were auditory centers are assigned to other sensory modalities |
| What does delayed auditory development cause? | delayed language skills, in turn delaying reading/literacy skills |
| Why is it critical to identify hearing loss early and amplify with full time use? | to help achieve developmental synchrony (swing analogy) |
| How is developmental synchrony like a swing? | the earlier we identify hearing loss and amplify it, the less work we have to put in to get the most results |
| How are we neurologically wired to develop spoken language and reading skills? | through the auditory system |
| Hearing loss of any type or degree that occurs in infancy or child can interfere with what? | the development of a child's spoken language, reading, writing, and academic performance |
| How do hearing aids, cochlear implants, and wireless microphone technologies help children with even the most profound hearing loss? | they can allow them to have auditory access to the entire speech system |
| What are unconscious sounds? | carry auditory background, identify location, identify life sounds, typically go unnoticed |
| What is signal warning function? | sounds serve to identify the environment |
| What is spoken language learning? | sound serves to provide communication |
| What are the characteristics of speech? | Frequency (pitch), intensity (loudness), and duration (length) |
| How can a hearing loss impact their characteristics of speech> | it can affect one's ability to perceive one or all features |
| WHat is frequency? | number of cycles per second of a sound wave, measured in hertz, lower frequency = less cycles per second |
| What is intensity? | pressure or power, perceived as loudness, measured in decibels, 0 dB is the softest sound a young adult with normal hearing can detect |
| What is typical conversation in dB? | 45-50 |
| What is duration? | the patterns of sound, long sound vs. short sound, first characteristic distinguishes by babies |
| What does it mean when something is audible? | able to detect its presence |
| What does it mean when something is intelligible? | able to discriminate word-sound distinctions of phonemes |
| How much energy of speech do vowel sounds carry? | 90% |
| How much energy of speech do consonant sounds carry? | 10% |
| What type of sounds carry most speech information? | consonants |
| What does the peripheral auditory system do? | transmit sounds to the brain through the outer, middle, and inner ear; data input; information enters the brain through the ears via hearing |
| What does the central auditory system do? | understand the meaning of sounds once they have been transmitted to the brain; data processing; neurologically wired to code and develop spoken language and reading skills through the auditory centers of the brain |
Created by:
hrshook0104
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