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AP/ITEC1010
Electronic Commerce and Enterprise Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Electronic Commerce | conducting business activities electronically over computer networks |
| Business-to-business e-commerce | all participants are organizations, connects business partners in a virtual supply chain to cut resupply times and reduce costs |
| Business to consumer e-commerce | customers deal directly with an organization and avoid intermediaries; aka disintermediation |
| Consumer to consumer e-commerce | electronic transactions between customers that are facilitated by a third party (eg. ebay, kijiji, craigslist) |
| E-government | the use of information and communications technology to simplify the sharing of info, speed old paper-based processes, improve relationships between citizens and government |
| Mobile commerce | relies on the use of wireless devices, offers a .mobi domain (less than 0.1% use), maturing much slower in north america (54.5% of holiday shopping done on mobile) |
| E-commerce hardware infastructure | must be powerful, scalable and reliable to handle transaction processing and user demand efficiency |
| Storage capacity & computing power | depends on the software and database management systems running on the server, affects speed and efficiency of e-commerce transactions |
| Scalability | platforms must be highly scalable to accommodate unexpected user traffic spikes |
| Server reliability and uptime | sites require high-performance servers with 99.9% uptime to ensure continuous availability |
| Security and backup solutions | secure servers with firewalls, encryptions and backup systems protect sensitive customer data |
| Fundamental web server software | security and identification, retrieving and sending web pages, web site tracking, website development, web page developement |
| Catalog management | core task needed to create and update the product catalog |
| Product configuration | core task to help customers select the necessary components and options |
| Shopping cart facilities | core task to track the items selected for process |
| Web traffic data analysis | core task to provide details to adjust the operations of the web site |
| E-commerce transaction processing | core task |
| Authentification technologies | used by many organizations to confirm the identity of a user requesting access to information or assets |
| Digital certificate | an attachment to an e-mail message or data embedded in a web site that verifies the identity of a sender or web site |
| Certificate authority (CA) | a trusted thrid-party organization or company that issues digital certificates |
| Secure socket layer (SSL) | a communications protocol used to secure sensitive data; a handshake stage, then determines encryption and hashing algorithms to used, exchanges encryption keys, handles the encryption part of a secure e-commerce transaction |
| Electronic cash | an amount of money that is computerized, stored and used as cash for e-commerce transactions (eg. paypal) |
| Transaction processing systems (TPSs) | capture and process detailed data necessary to update the organization's records about fundamental business operations (includes order entry, inventory control, payroll, accounts payable, accounts receivable, general ledger, etc.) |
| Batch processing system | business transactions are accumulated over a period of time and prepared for processing as a single unit or batch, characterized as the delay between event and processing of related transaction to update organization records |
| Online transaction processing (OLTP) | data processing where each transaction is processed immediately and data in online system always reflects the current status |
| Accounting systems | track the flow of data related to all the cash flows that affect the organization |
| Purchasing system | systems that support the purchasing business function (inventory control, purchase order processing, receiving, and accounts payable) |
| Order processing system | processing flow begins with receipt of customer order, product inventory is checked to see if sufficient inventory is on hand, product list is printed at warehouse and inventory is adjusted, customer invoice is created and included in shipment |
| Transaction processing cycle | data collection, data editing, data correction, data manipulation, data storage, document production |
| Enterprise systems | central to individuals and organizations of all sizes, ensures that information can be shared across all business functions and levels of management to support running of a business |
| Enterprise resource planning (ERP) | a set of integrated programs that manage a company's vital business operations for an entire organization |
| Business process | a set of coordinated and related activities that takes one or more kinds of input and creates an output value to the customer of that process |
| ERP tier 1 vendors | target large multinational firms with multiple geographic locations and annual revenues in excess of 1 billion (eg. Oracle, SAP) |
| ERP tier 2 vendors | target medium-sized firms with annual revenues in the 50 million to 1 billion range operating out of one or more locations (Oracle, SAP, Microsoft) |
| ERP tier 3 vendors | target smaller firms with annual revenues in the 10-50 million range that typically operate out of a single location (ABAS, Bluebee Software, Microsoft, PDS, Plex) |
| Customer relationship management (CRM) | helps a company manage all aspects of customer encounters, including marketing, sales, distribution, accounting, customer service; goal is to understand needs of customers |
| CRM software | automates and integrates the functions of sales marketing, and service in an organization |
| Product lifecycle management (PLM) | an enterprise business strategy that creates a common repository of product information and process, supports collaborative creation, management and dissemination of product definition information |
| (PLM) software | provides a means for managing the data and processes associated with the various phases of the product lifecycle (may include computer-aided design, engineering, manufacturing) |
| Computer-aided design (CAD) | use of software to assist in the creation, analysis, and modification of a component or product |
| Computer-aided engineering (CAE) | use of software to analyse the robustness and performance of components and assemblies |
| Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) | use of software to control machine tools and related machinery in the manufacturing of components and products |
| Discrete manufacturing | production of distinct item (eg. auto, furniture, toys) that can be decomposed into their basic components |
| Process manufacturing | production of products that are the result of a chemical process (eg. gasoline, medications) that cannot be easily decomposed into its basic components |
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