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EXAM 2 MLT 124
MLT 124:MEDICAL MICRO PT 1 (LECTURES 7-9)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What exotoxin is responsible for causing scarlet fever? | Streptococcal pyogenic exotoxins (SPE) |
| Which enzyme in S. pyogenes is oxygen liable, meaning that it will only be found in anaerobic conditions | Streptolysin O |
| Describe Impetigo | localized skin disease caused by S. aureus or S. pyogenes that causes small vesicles to develop into weeping lesions. Typically affects 2-5 year olds |
| What virulence factor in S. pyogenes aid in resisting phagocytosis and increasing adherence to the upper respiratory tract's mucosal cells? | M Protein |
| True or false: S. pyogenes is resistant to bacitracin | false; S. pyogenes is susceptible to bacitracin |
| True or false: weak positives for catalase testing results are not indicative of Staph spp. | true |
| What virulence factor in S. pyogenes prevents the bacteria from succumbing to antibiotic destruction | Hyaluronic acid capsule |
| What Streptococci spp. are beta hemolytic? | S. pyogenes (A), S. agalactiae (B) |
| If a bacteria is neg. catalase, beta hemolytic, resistant to bacitracin, but tested positive to the CAMP test, what Streptococci spp. do we have? | Group B (S. agalactiae) |
| What Streptococcal localized infections target the body's extremities at various degrees? | Impetigo (weeping lesions) Erysipelas (superficial to subcutaneous) Cellulitis (deeper Strept invasion) |
| What systemic S. pyogenes infection causes skin and tissue necrosis? | Necrotizing fasciitis |
| Strep throat, known professionally as (blank) can evolve into scarlet fever following exposure from (blank) | Pharyngitis; SPE |
| What systemic infection is caused by virulent strains of exotoxin-producing Strep species that not only affect tissue function due to necrosis, but also can cause renal and respiratory failure? | Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome |
| What's another complication (ASIDE FROM SCARLET FEVER/ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS) that can occur following Group A pharyngitis infection? What causes it? | Rheumatic Fever; antibody-antigen complexes build up in heart tissue to combat the Strep infection, which causes mechanical and immunological damage to the cardiac tissue |
| Why is Rheumatic Fever so dangerous for the body? | Because the body is damaging heart tissue, it can result in a chronic degradation of heart valves, making it difficult for blood to flow properly |
| Describe Acute Glomerulonephritis | this is a S. pyogenes-complication that causes the antibody-antigen complexes to get deposited into the glomerulus, shedding through it and causing inflammation that will impede on proper kidney function; often identified by blood in urine |
| What affect does Group A Step have on neonates? | it can cause pneumonia or meningitis with bacteremia in newborns |
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