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Lesson 6.2 Notes

The notes from lesson 6.2 in anatomy and physiology.

Question/TermAnswer/Definition
What properties do neurons have just like muscles? Irritability and conductivity
What is conductivity? The ability to convert a stimulus into a nerve impulse.
How do neurons respond similar to messages like muscles? Neurons also go through depolarisation and sodium and potassium ion trade like muscles in neuromuscular junctions.
When transmitting messages, what happens as neurons get depolarised on the route? The message travels the length of the axon and each neuron relaxes as the message goes across more neurons that get depolarised with the relaxing neurons having their neurons become repolarised.
What happens when a nerve gets fatigued? No impulse can be sent.
What determines the speed of impulse transmission? The presence or absence of myelin sheaths: Presence is faster The diameter of the axon: Bigger is faster The temperature: Warmer is faster
What do neurons need to have a transmission rate of anything over 1 metre a second? To be myelinated.
True/false: Like muscles, nerves can only heal but can't grow back. True
Why is it that the smaller the animal, the faster the heartbeat? Smaller animals are more prone to frostbite because of their volume so a faster heartbeat helps distribute more needed heat.
Excitatory effect/acetylcholine A neurotransmitter type that activates muscle fibres
Inhibitory effect/endorphins A neurotransmitter type that stops pain impulses.
Reflex A simple and rapid involuntary programmed response in the spinal cord.
What are the 2 types of reflexes? Somatic and autonomic.
What was the difference between somatic and autonomic reflexes? Somatic are either involuntary or voluntary and are transmitted to skeletal muscles. Autonomic are involuntary and are transmitted to cardiac and smooth muscles.
How do movies give us that feeling in our muscles? They influence our autonomic reflexes which influence our cardiac and smooth muscles.
Created by: CommsMKSoz
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