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Linguists

YGK These Linguists

QuestionAnswer
The Sanskrit grammarian who wrote the Ashtadhyayi, the first known descriptive grammar of any language Panini
The logical rules for making words from morphemes in Sanskrit, denoted with abbreviations in a table Sivasutras
The philologist who popularized the idea of a common origin for Sanskrit, Latin, and Greek, leading to the reconstruction of the Indo-European family William Jones
The Swiss linguist who created the theory of structuralism Ferdinand de Saussure
An analysis of language at a specific point in time, favored by structuralists Synchronic analysis
An analysis of how languages change over time, favored by German Neogrammarians Diachronic analysis
The theory that words are signifiers with an arbitrary relationship to the concepts they represent Arbitrariness of the sign
The hypothesis suggesting that the structure of a language shapes or influences how its speakers think Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
The strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, stating that language restricts what people can think Linguistic determinism
The American structuralist whose textbook Language emphasized studying linguistics separately from psychology or anthropology Leonard Bloomfield
The smallest linguistic units of meaning Morphemes
The linguist who developed generative grammar and the theory of Universal Grammar Noam Chomsky
The theoretical solution to "Plato’s problem," explaining how children learn language quickly despite a "poverty of the stimulus" Universal Grammar
The nonsensical but syntactically correct sentence used in Syntactic Structures to demonstrate the independence of syntax Colorless green ideas sleep furiously
The philosopher who invented the study of pragmatics and defined the cooperative principle Paul Grice
The four Gricean maxims of conversation Quantity, quality, relation, and manner
Meanings intended by a speaker that are not expressed in the literal meaning of the words Conversational implicatures
The linguist who led the "generative semantics" movement and co-authored Metaphors We Live By George Lakoff
The conceptual metaphor used by Lakoff to illustrate how we categorize abstract ideas LOVE IS A JOURNEY
The political metaphors Lakoff used to contrast conservative and liberal views of the nation Strict father vs. nurturant parent
The University of Pennsylvania linguist who pioneered the study of sociolinguistics William Labov
The field of linguistics that studies how language varies across speakers based on class, race, gender, and region Sociolinguistics
The city where Labov conducted an experiment on department store clerks' pronunciation of /r/ in "fourth floor" New York City
The island where Labov studied how residents' attitudes affected their pronunciation of diphthongs Martha's Vineyard
The project that produced many dialect maps of North America, co-published by Labov, Ash, and Boberg Atlas of North American English
The paper in which Labov defended African-American (Vernacular) English as a valid linguistic system The Logic of Nonstandard English
The psycholinguist who analyzed Chomsky's Universal Grammar in The Language Instinct Steven Pinker
The book in which Pinker strongly criticized the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis and argued language comes from specific brain structures The Language Instinct
The theory proposed by Pinker that children use meaning to learn syntactic structures Semantic bootstrapping
The book by Pinker that proposed that the increased frequency of irregular verbs is necessary for children to learn them well Words and Rules
Pinker's book that argued for a general decline in human violence The Better Angels of Our Nature
Pinker's book that advocated evolutionary psychology The Blank Slate
Created by: ahumanbeing
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