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Western Philosophy

YGK These Schools of Western Philosophy

QuestionAnswer
The school that idealized freedom from emotions and was founded by Zeno of Citium Stoicism
The Greek word for "porch" from which Stoicism derives its name Stoa
The Stoic concept of the "breath of life" or life force Pneuma
The slave and Stoic philosopher whose views were recorded in the Discourses Epictetus
The Roman emperor and philosopher associated with Stoicism Marcus Aurelius
The philosophy that rejects truths unless supported by sufficient evidence Skepticism
The founder of skepticism after whom "Pyrrhonian" skepticism is named Pyrrho of Elis
The author of Outlines of Pyrrhonism Sextus Empiricus
The medieval movement that reconciled Christian thought with Aristotle Scholasticism
The author of Summa Theologica who provided the “quinque viae” Thomas Aquinas
The view that all knowledge derives from sensory experience Empiricism
The author of An Essay Concerning Human Understanding who proposed the tabula rasa John Locke
The belief that knowledge is gained through intuition or reason rather than experience Rationalism
The author of Meditations on First Philosophy associated with Rationalism René Descartes
The movement founded by Auguste Comte that uses the scientific method to discover social laws Positivism
The philosophy that values ideas based on their practical application or "cash value" Pragmatism
The founder of pragmatism who wrote “How to Make Our Ideas Clear” C. S. Peirce
The school of ethics advocating for the "greatest happiness of the greatest number" Utilitarianism
The author of On Liberty and a foremost thinker of Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill
The movement focused on leading an "authentic" life and the assertion "existence precedes essence" Existentialism
The author of Being and Time associated with Existentialism Martin Heidegger
The Danish philosopher who wrote Either/Or Søren Kierkegaard
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