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Archaeological Sites
You Gotta Know these Archaeological Sites
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stonehenge | Prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, famous for its ring of standing stones. |
| Göbekli Tepe | Site in southeastern Turkey, noted as the world's oldest known temple (Pre-Pottery Neolithic). |
| Great Pyramids of Giza | Monumental tombs built for pharaohs in ancient Egypt, including Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. |
| Pompeii | Roman town instantly buried by Mount Vesuvius in AD 79; known for preserved structures like the House of the Faun (Alexander Mural), Villa of the Mysteries, and plaster casts in the Garden of the Fugitives. |
| Machu Picchu | 15th-century Inca citadel located high in the Andes Mountains of Peru. |
| Teotihuacan | Ancient Mesoamerican city near Mexico City, known for the massive Pyramid of the Sun and Pyramid of the Moon. |
| Çatalhöyük | Large Neolithic and Chalcolithic proto-city settlement in southern Anatolia, Turkey, famous for its densely packed houses. |
| Mohenjo-daro | Major Indus Valley city built on a planned grid, featuring a Citadel, Great Bath, and iconic artifacts like the "Dancing Girl" bronze statuette and the "Priest-King" sculpture. |
| Lascaux Cave | Site where Marcel Ravidat's dog found 600 Paleolithic cave paintings, including extinct aurochs in the Hall of the Bulls, and the bird-headed man in the Shaft. |
| Mesa Verde | Site in Colorado, USA, featuring well-preserved cliff dwellings built by the Ancestral Pueblo people. |
| Chichén Itzá | Mayan city on the Yucatán Peninsula; features the Temple of Kukulkan (El Castillo) with 365 steps, a court for the Mesoamerican ballgame, and sacrifices offered to the god Chaac in a cenote. |
| Troy (Hisarlik) | Site in modern Turkey, famous as the setting for the Greek Trojan War, excavated by Heinrich Schliemann. |
| Skara Brae | Neolithic settlement on the Orkney Islands of Scotland, one of the best-preserved prehistoric villages in Western Europe. |
| Knossos | Largest Bronze Age Minoan site on Crete, excavated by Sir Arthur Evans; contains the Palace of Minos, "bull-leaping fresco," and undeciphered Linear A script. |
| Olduvai Gorge | Site in Tanzania, East Africa, critical for understanding early human evolution due to the large number of hominin fossils found there. |
| Ur | Sumerian city-state in Iraq identified by Henry Rawlinson; site of the Great Ziggurat, the Royal Cemetery (excavated by Woolley), the Standard of Ur, and the Lyres of Ur. |
| Luxor and the Valley of the Kings | Ancient Egyptian capital Thebes and its necropolis; linked by the Avenue of the Sphinxes; houses Luxor Temple, Karnak's Great Hypostyle Hall, and tombs like KV62 (Tutankhamun). |
| Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang | Tomb near Xi'an, China, protected by the Terracotta Army (8,000 life-size clay statues), and rumored to contain artificial rivers of flowing mercury. |
| Sutton Hoo | Anglo-Saxon burial site in England discovered in 1938, famous for a ship burial (possibly King Raedwald) that yielded grave goods like the intricate iron-and-bronze helmet and garnet-and-gold clasps. |
| L’Anse Aux Meadows | Norse settlement (circa AD 1000) on Newfoundland, Canada; concrete proof of early European presence in North America ("Vinland"); site includes sod structures, a foundry, and evidence of ship repair. |
| Apse, Nave, and Shaft | Chambers in the Lascaux Cave complex leading off the Hall of the Bulls. |
| Bird-Headed Man | Figure depicted next to a bison in the Shaft of Lascaux Cave, often considered one of the most studied images at the site. |
| Mud Floods | Possible environmental cause, along with resource depletion, for the gradual abandonment of Mohenjo-daro. |
| Sir Leonard Woolley | Archaeologist who led British Museum projects uncovering major artifacts at Ur's Royal Cemetery (e.g., the Lyres of Ur). |
| Sir Arthur Evans | Archaeologist whose dubious reconstructions at Knossos included assembling "snake goddess" figurines. |
| Thebes | Ancient Egyptian capital over which the modern city of Luxor now sits, across the Nile from the Valley of the Kings. |
| Terracotta Army | Collection of over 8,000 life-size clay statues (soldiers, cavalry, archers) protecting the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang. |
| Lupanar | A brothel in Pompeii where graffiti survives intact on the walls. |
| Raedwald | East Anglian king who is the theorized candidate for the royal burial found at Sutton Hoo. |
| Straumfjord | Name of the town built in "Vinland" in the Saga of Erik the Red, which L'Anse Aux Meadows is hypothesized to be. |
Created by:
kromeo
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