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Security+ Domain 1

Terminology needed for the CompTia Security+ Exam - Domain 1

TermDefinition
CIA Triad Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Confidentality Ensures information is not disclosed to unauthorized users
Integrity Ensures data is accurate and unaltered
Availability Ensures systems/data are accessible when needed
Non-repudation Prevents someone from denying an action
Authentication Verifying who a user is
Authorization Determining what a user can do
Accounting Tracking user actions
Administrative Controls Policies, procedures, training
Technical (Logical) Controls Implemented using technology
Physical Controls Protect physical assets
Threat Any potential cause of harm
Vulnerability A weakness that can be exploited
Risk Likelihood that a threat will exploit a vulnerability
Risk Formula Risk =Threat * Vulnterability * Impact
Script Kiddie Low skill, uses existing tools
Hactivist Politically or socially motivated
Organized Crime Financially motivated, sophisticated
Insider Threat Employee or trusted individual
Nation-State Highly, skilled, well-funded attackers
Social Engineering Manipulating people rather than systems
Defense in Depth Multiple layers of secuirty controls
Zero Trusst Never trust, always verify
Least Privilege Users get minimum access necessary
Separation of Duties Split responsibilities to prevent fraud
Fail=Secure Blocks access on failure
Fail-Open Allows access on failure
Policy High-level management statement
Standard Mandatory rules supporting policies
Procedure Step-by-step instructions
Guideline Recommended best practices (not mandatory)
Due Care Taking reasonable precautions
Due Diligence Ongoing effort to maintain security
Compliance Meeting legal/regulatory requirements
Created by: jlgentry
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