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Space Missions
YGK These Space Missions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The mission that saw the first Moon landing and moonwalk | Apollo 11 |
| The astronauts who performed the first Moon landing and moonwalk | Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin |
| The astronaut who piloted the Command Module in lunar orbit and never walked on the moon | Michael Collins |
| The area on the Moon where the Lunar Module landed | Sea of Tranquility |
| Armstrong's first words from the lunar surface | “Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed.” |
| Armstrong's famous quote when stepping onto the lunar surface | “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” |
| The president of the American Red Cross after he left his post as Secretary of State | George Marshall |
| The rocket booster used by Apollo 11 and other Apollo missions | Saturn V booster |
| The missions that transported the first human and the first woman into space (respectively) | Vostok 1 and Vostok 6 |
| The first human in space | Yuri Gagarin |
| The first woman in space | Valentina Tereshkova |
| The date of Yuri Gagarin’s flight (celebrated as Yuri’s Night) | April 12, 1961 |
| The number of orbits Gagarin completed around Earth during Vostok 1 | A single orbit |
| The rocket booster used by Vostok 1 and 6 | Vostok-K boosters |
| The launch of this object by the USSR kicked off the “Space Race” | Sputnik 1 |
| The purpose of the "Space Race" successes as a proxy for military capacity | Capacity to build intercontinental ballistic missiles |
| The simple instrument in Sputnik 1 that broadcasted a “beep” to map deceleration | Radio transmitter |
| The mission that followed Sputnik 1, carrying a dog named Laika | Sputnik 2 |
| The meaning of the dog's name "Laika" in Russian | Barker |
| The only two missions of the Voskhod program | Voskhod 1 and Voskhod 2 |
| The program that quickly superseded the Voskhod program | Soyuz program |
| The designer whose designs were used for the Voskhod spacecrafts | Sergei Korolev |
| The first flight to contain multiple astronauts | Voskhod 1 |
| The mission that was the platform for the first EVA (extra-vehicular activity or “spacewalk”) | Voskhod 2 |
| The astronaut who conducted the first spacewalk on Voskhod 2 and participated in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project | Alexey Leonov |
| The region of the Moon where Apollo 13 was supposed to land | Fra Mauro |
| The specific oxygen tank that ruptured during Apollo 13's "cryo-stir" before entering lunar orbit | No. 2 oxygen tank |
| The trajectory type used to bring the Apollo 13 astronauts back to Earth safely | Free-return trajectory around the Moon |
| The primary Command Module pilot for Apollo 13 who was grounded due to exposure to German measles | Ken Mattingly |
| The mission to which the landing site was re-assigned after Apollo 13 | Apollo 14 |
| The mission intended to be a test of the Command/Service Module in low-Earth orbit (LEO) | Apollo 1 |
| The three astronauts aboard Apollo 1 who died in a fire on the launchpad during a test | Virgil “Gus” Grissom, Roger Chaffee, and Ed White |
| The environment inside the Apollo 1 capsule that exacerbated the fire | Pure-oxygen, positive-pressure environment |
| The design element of the Apollo 1 capsule door that exacerbated the fire | Opened inward |
| The two Space Shuttle accidents known mostly for their accidents and subsequent losses of life | STS-51-L (Challenger) and STS-107 (Columbia) |
| The investigative body set up after the Challenger accident | Rogers Commission |
| The cause of the Challenger disaster identified by the Rogers Commission | Poor performance of the solid rocket booster (SRB) O-rings |
| The term for hot gasses escaping the booster joint due to O-ring failure | Blow-by |
| The phenomenon cited by the Rogers Commission in addition to the O-ring failure ("failure to redesign the SRB joint") | Go fever |
| The investigative board for the Columbia disaster | Columbia Accident Investigation Board |
| The cause of the Columbia disaster (STS-107) identified by the investigation | A piece of foam from the external fuel tank hitting and breaching the left wing |
| The number of crew members lost in both the Challenger and Columbia accidents | Seven crew members |
| The mission that marked a definite end to the Space Race and symbolized de-escalation of US/USSR tensions | The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project |
| The grounded Mercury 7 astronaut who participated in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project | Deke Slayton |
| The astronauts who accompanied Deke Slayton on the last launch of Apollo | Tom Stafford and Vance Brand |
| The mission that demonstrated two dissimilar spacecraft could rendezvous and dock in space (Apollo Command Module and Soyuz 19) | Apollo-Soyuz Test Project |
| The specific Soyuz spacecraft used in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project | Soyuz 19 |
| The first commercial mission to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) | SpaceX CRS-1 (SpX-1 or CRS-1) |
| The component of the Falcon 9 rocket first stage that experienced a structural failure during SpaceX CRS-1 | One of the nine Merlin engines |
| The result of the failure during SpaceX CRS-1 for the secondary payload (an ORBCOMM satellite) | An unstable, decaying orbit |
| The five servicing missions for the Hubble Space Telescope | SM1, SM2, SM3A, SM3B, and SM4 |
| The corrective optics system installed during SM1 to fix Hubble’s flawed optics | COSTAR |
| The camera installed during SM1 that had optical correction built in | WFPC2 (Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2) |
| The systems replaced during SM2 | Goddard High-Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) and Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) |
| The failed systems replaced during SM3A | Gyroscope systems |
| The camera replaced during SM3B with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) | Faint Object Camera (FOC) |
| The NASA Administrator who originally cancelled SM4 after the Columbia Disaster | Sean O’Keefe |
| The NASA Administrator who revived the SM4 mission in 2005 | Michael Griffin |
| The instruments installed during SM4 | WFC3 and the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) |
| The telescope scheduled for launch in 2021 (from notes) that will replicate much of HST's functionality | James Webb Space Telescope |
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