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Popes

YGK These Popes

QuestionAnswer
The first Bishop of Rome (pope) in Catholic belief, whose name was changed from Simon by Jesus, calling him the "rock" on which the church would be built Peter
The pope crucified upside-down by Emperor Nero Peter
One of the “Latin Fathers” and founder of the medieval papacy who sent Augustine of Canterbury to Christianize southern Britain and introduced Gregorian chant Gregory I (Gregory the Great)
The pope who ordered the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont with the phrase “Deus Vult” ("God wills it") Urban II
The pope who ordered the disastrous Fourth Crusade (which sacked Constantinople), initiated the Albigensian Crusade, and convened the Fourth Lateran Council Innocent III
The pope who excommunicated King John for refusing to recognize the appointment of Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury Innocent III
A prominent member of the Borgia family who was pope from 1492–1503, the father of Cesare and Lucrezia, and who excommunicated Savonarola Alexander VI
The papal bull issued by Alexander VI that assigned New World territory to Spain, which became the basis for the Treaty of Tordesillas Inter Caetera
Nicknamed the “Warrior Pope” for his military ambition, who instituted the Swiss Guard and commissioned Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel ceiling Julius II
The pope who revived the unpopular sale of indulgences to fund St. Peter’s Basilica and denounced Martin Luther’s 95 Theses in the bull Exsurge Domine Leo X
The longest-reigning pope in history, known as the "prisoner in the Vatican" during Italian unification, who established papal infallibility at the First Vatican Council Pius IX
The Polish pope (first non-Italian in 400 years) who survived an assassination attempt by Mehmet Ali Agca and inspired Poland's Solidarity movement John Paul II
The current pope, the first Jesuit, first from the Americas, and first from outside Europe since the 8th century, known for his meeting with Patriarch Kirill Francis
The pope who convinced Attila the Hun to turn back a planned invasion of Italy Leo I
The pope who excommunicated Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV during the Investiture Controversy, leading Henry to walk barefoot to Canossa Gregory VII
The pope who moved the seat of the papacy from Rome to the French city of Avignon (the "Babylonian Captivity") Clement V
The pope during the 1527 Sack of Rome who refused to annul Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon Clement VII
The pope who introduced the Gregorian Calendar in 1582 to correct the Julian Calendar Gregory XIII
The pope during World War II who signed the Reichskonkordat with Nazi Germany and spoke infallibly to define the dogma of the Assumption of Mary Pius XII
The pope who resigned the papacy in 2013, the first to do so since the 15th century Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI
Created by: divyap
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