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Islamic Dynasties

YGK These Medieval Islamic Dynastie

QuestionAnswer
The first ruling dynasty (661-750) centered in Damascus that introduced hereditary rule into Islam and favored Arabs, but was later re-established in Cordoba, Spain Umayyad
The dynasty that ruled from Baghdad (750-1258) and later Cairo, rising to power on the idea that a member of the Prophet's family was best qualified to lead the community Abbasid
The Abbasid rulers considered the dynasty's greatest leaders al-Mansur, Harun ar-Rashid, and al-Mamun the Great
The group that destroyed Baghdad in 1258, wrapping the last Abbasid caliph in a carpet and trampling him to death The Mongols
Isma’ili Shi’ite Imams who founded their state in North Africa in 909 and built Cairo in 969 as rivals to the Abbasids Fatimid
The caliph of the Fatimids who disappeared, giving rise to the Druze religion al-Hakim
A family of Ghuzz Turks who invaded the Middle East in the eleventh century, came to control the Abbasid caliphs, and founded the Sultanate of Rum in Anatolia Seljuq
The battle where the Seljuqs defeated the Byzantines in 1071, leading to their settlement in Anatolia Battle of Manzikert
Kurds who took control of Egypt under the Zengids, founded by the leader known as Saladin Ayyubid
The Ayyubid leader who retook Jerusalem from the Crusader kingdoms Salah ad-Din (Saladin)
The female ruler who was the last of the Ayyubids to rule Egypt Shajar ad-Durr
Slave soldiers of foreign origin who deposed the Ayyubids in 1250 and turned back the Mongols at the Battle of Ayn Jalut Mamluk
The Mamluk leader who defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Ayn Jalut Baybars
Turks of uncertain origin who conquered the Balkans and the Middle East, bringing central Islamic lands into the European state system Ottoman
The key 1453 military victory for the Ottomans that established their empire Capture of Constantinople
The Ottoman Empire reached its height under this ruler, who besieged Vienna in 1529 Suleiman the Magnificent
The dynasty that ruled most of India from the early 16th to mid-18th century, claiming descent from Genghis Khan and Tamerlane Mughal
The founder of the Mughal Empire and his grandson who expanded it Babur and Akbar
The Mughal ruler who built the Taj Mahal and brought the empire to the brink of bankruptcy Shah Jahan
The Sufi order that founded the dynasty that forcibly converted Iran to Shi’ism Safavid
The Safavid ruler who hired a European expert to reform the military and captured Baghdad and expelled the Portuguese from the Persian Gulf Abbas I
The three "Gunpowder Empires" in Islamic history Ottomans, Mughals, and Safavids
Created by: divyap
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