Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
10/8
Hearing Sciences
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is connected to the hair cells? | Neurons |
| Where are the cell bodies for neurons? | in the spiral Ganglion that are in the modiolus |
| What are other names for neurons? | nerve cells or nerve fibers |
| Where are the spiral Ganglion? | in the modiolus |
| What is the 8th nerve? | one long nerve cells starting from the hair cells through the habenula perforata of the osseous spiral lamina, then has a cell body inside the modilus, then all those nerves make it up |
| When you go through the oval window, where are you? | the scala vestibuli |
| When you go through the round window, where are you? | the scala tympani |
| If you walk all the way up the scala vestibuli, where do you go? | to the helicotrema which leads to the scala tympani |
| Where are the hair cells? | the basilar membrane in the scala media |
| Where is the basilar membrane? | in the scala media |
| What is another name for the eighth nerve? | the auditory nerve |
| What does the internal auditory meatus do? | takes the nerve fibers from the modiolus of the cochlea and houses the 8th nerve |
| What does vestibule mean? | small entrance hall |
| when the nerve fibers come out of the modiolus of the cochlea, what do they form? | the 8th nerve |
| What is the roof of the scala tympani? | the basilar membrane |
| Where does the scala tympani end? | the helicotrema |
| What fluid is in the scala tympani? | perilymph |
| How does the width and mass of the basilar membrane changes? | it increases between the base and the apex of the cochlea |
| How are the osseous spiral lamina and the basilar membrane connected? | as the width of the BM increases, the width of the OSL decreases |
| Where is the osseous spiral lamina compared to the basilar membrane? | it is on the medial surface of the BM |
| What is tonotopic organization? | different frequencies stimulate different places within the basilar membrane |
| What frequencies are analyzed at the base of the basilar membrane? | high frequencies |
| What frequencies are analyzed at the apex of the basilar membrane? | low frequencies |
| What is displacement of the basilar membrane? | the part that moves the greatest |
| What is a high frequency sound? | voiceless fricatives |
| What can cause damage to the ear (hair cells, basilar membrane, etc)? | ototoxic medications, old age, loud sounds |
| What is the roof of the scala media? | reissner's membrane |
| What is the basilar membrane to the scala media? | the floor |
| What important structure is inside the scala media? | the organ of corti |
| What fluid is inside the scala media? | endolymph |
| What are the little holes on the osseous spiral lamina? | the habenula perforata |
| What keeps the endolymph in the scala media? | reissner's membrane superiorly and the basilar membrane inferiorly |
| What happens if endolymph and perilymph mix? | the ear is killed (no more hearing) |
| Why is it bad for endolymph and perilymph to mix? | the chemical makeup of endolymph is what helps stimulate the hair cells. If it is not correct, the hair cells will not work |
| What is the lateral attachment point for the basilar membrane? | the spiral ligament |
| What is the medial attachment point for the basilar membrane? | the osseous spiral lamina |
| What is the spiral limbus? | it has fibrous stiff cells on top of the osseous spiral lamina |
| What is the tectorial membrane? | Where the tallest stereocilia of the outer hair cells touch |
| How do you stimulate the inner hair cells if the outer hair cells don't work? | use a hearing aid to amplify the high frequency sounds which better stimulates the hair cells |
| What are stereocilia? | little hairs on top of the inner and outer hair cells |
| How do you stimulate the cochlear nucleus after a sound is played during the condensation phase? | the ear drum is pushed in, then the manubrium of the malleus is moved, moving the incus and stapes, then the basilar membrane is moved down |
| How do you stimulate the cochlear nucleus after a sound is played during the rarefaction phase? | The ear drum is pushed out, then the ossicular chain moves out, uncovering the oval window, and the basilar membrane goes up |
| What is the stimulating phase? | the rarefaction phase, if the nerve fibers are going to fire, that is when they will do it |
| How often does the stapes footplate move at 1000 Hz per second? | 1000 times |
| What is the stria vascularis? | a major source of blood supply to all structures of the scala media (sensory cells of the organ of corti), and the source of endolymph |
| Where is the stria vascularis? | most of the lateral surface of the scala media |
| What is another name for the stria vascularis? | the endolymphatic pump |
| Why is the stria vascularis also called the endolymphatic pump? | it continuously produces endolymph because it is constantly needed |
| What happens to exhausted endolymph? | it drains out of the scala media through a small membranous tube called the endolymphatic duct |
| What is the endolymphatic duct? | a small membranous tube in the scala media that drains exhausted endolymph |
| What is the tectorial membrane made of? | mostly water, having a lighter density than endolymph |
| What happens to the tectorial membrane in endolymph? | it floats in the salty environment |
| What holds the tectorial membrane in place on the medial edges? | the spiral limbus |
| What holds the tectorial membrane in place on the lateral edges? | the upper surface of Hensen's cells |
| What does the spiral ligament cover? | an extensive area of the lateral surface of the cochlea |
| In the scala media, what is the spiral ligament covered by? | the stria vascularis |
| What does sulcus mean? | long grooce |
| What are the general features of the scala media (from medial to lateral)? | Inner sulcus supporting cells, inner hair cells, rods of corti (corti's pillars), dieter cells, outer hair cells, hensen's cells, cells of claude |
| What do the inner sulcus supporting cells do? | support the organ of corti from the medial side |
| What is another name for the rods of corti? | corti's pillars |
| What do the rods of corti do? | help create the tunnel of corti with the inner and outer pillar cells |
| What are the inner pillar cells? | rods of corti on the medial side |
| What are the outer pillar cells? | rods of corti on the lateral side |
| What does the organ of corti look like? | it does not have solid walls, there are gaps between the pillar cells |
| Why are there gaps between pillar cells? | to permit free circulation of liquids throughout the interior of the organ of corti |
| What is every outer hair cells supported by? | a deiter cell |
| What do claudius's and Hensen's cells do? | support the organ of corti |
| What makes up endolymph? | high concentration of K+ (potassium) and a low concentration of Na+ (sodium) |
| Where is endolymph found? | superior to the reticular lamina |
| What is the reticular lamina? | where the stereocilia of the inner and outer hair cells poke through |
| Where is cortilymph found? | the interior of corti's organ |
| What is the composition of cortilymph? | similar to perilymph |
| What is the source of cortilymph? | may be from perilymph, diffused through the basilar membrane |
| Who discovered the source of perilymph? | Anniko & Wroblewski, 1986 |
| What are the spaces of nuel? | the spaces between the outer hair cells |
| Where are the phalanges of deiter cells found? | in the 2nd and 3rd dow of deiter cells |
| What does the deiter cell do? | hold up the outer hair cells |
| What do the first row of deiter cells have instead of phalanges? | bulges that look like cotton balls stuck on their sides |
| What are the phalanges of the deiter cells? | an extension of the deiter cells that connects to the reticular lamina |
Created by:
hrshook0104
Popular Speech Therapy sets