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Physiology ch. 7-13

Preparing for Final

QuestionAnswer
What is the main function of the neuron’s action potential? An action potential sends a rapid electrical signal down the axon so the neuron can communicate with another neuron, muscle, or gland.
What role does myelin play in nerve signaling? Myelin speeds up nerve impulses by allowing the action potential to jump from node to node (saltatory conduction).
What is the major difference between the CNS and PNS? The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord (integration and control), while the PNS includes all other nerves that carry signals to and from the CNS.
What does the autonomic nervous system (ANS) control? The ANS regulates involuntary functions like heart rate, breathing, digestion, and blood pressure through the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
What is the difference between a general sense and a special sense? General senses (touch, pressure, pain, temperature) are spread throughout the body. Special senses (vision, hearing, taste, smell, balance) have specialized organs.
What is the main job of the endocrine system? The endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstream to control growth, metabolism, reproduction, and homeostasis.
What is the function of the heart’s left ventricle? The left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood out to the entire body through the aorta.
What is hemoglobin’s main job in the blood? Hemoglobin binds oxygen in red blood cells and carries it to the tissues.
How does the lymphatic system help with immunity? The lymphatic system filters lymph through lymph nodes, removes pathogens, and supports immune cell activation.
What is the main purpose of gas exchange and nutrient absorption? Gas exchange brings oxygen into the blood and removes carbon dioxide, while digestion and absorption break food into nutrients that the body can use for energy, growth, and repair.
Created by: Lmc0096
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