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Tiffanee White
Weeks 7-13 (Physiology)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the Major Digestive Organs & Their Functions | Stomach (mechanical + chemical breakdown), small intestine (absorption), liver & pancreas (enzyme/bile production). |
| What do digestive enzymes do? | Break down carbs, proteins, and fats so the body can absorb nutrients. |
| How does nutrient absorption occur? | Through villi/microvilli using diffusion and active transport into blood or lymp |
| What drives inhalation and exhalation? | Diaphragm movement and pressure changes in the thoracic cavity. |
| How does gas exchange occur? | By diffusion due to partial pressure gradients of O₂ and CO₂ |
| How is oxygen transported in blood? | Mostly bound to hemoglobin in RBCs. |
| What are sensory receptors? | Specialized cells that detect stimuli like light, pressure, or chemicals |
| What is a hormone? | A chemical messenger that regulates body functions through feedback loops. |
| What glands are key in the endocrine system? | Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas. |
| What is the pathway of blood through the heart? | Body → RA → RV → lungs → LA → LV → body. |
| What is the cardiac conduction system? | SA node (pacemaker), AV node, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers. |
| What are the components of blood? | RBCs, WBCs, platelets, plasma. |
| What does the lymphatic system do? | Returns fluid to blood, filters lymph, supports immunity. |
| Difference between innate and adaptive immunity? | Innate is fast and nonspecific; adaptive is slower but specific (T & B cells). |
| What causes inflammation? | Immune response to injury or infection — redness, heat, swelling, pain. |
| How is breathing controlled? | By the medulla and pons using chemoreceptors for CO₂, O₂, and pH. |
| How does the respiratory system adjust pH? | By changing breathing rate (hyperventilation ↑ pH, hypoventilation ↓ pH). |
| What determines breathing rate? | CO₂ levels in the blood; higher CO₂ increases breathing. |
| What is ventilation-perfusion matching? | The balance between airflow to alveoli and blood flow to capillaries for efficient gas exchange. |
| What is metabolism? | All chemical reactions that occur in the body, including energy production and nutrient use. |
| How do body systems work together after digestion? | Digestive absorbs nutrients → circulatory transports them → cells use them → endocrine regulates metabolism. |
| Why is fluid & electrolyte balance importan | Maintains nerve function, muscle contraction, blood pressure, and overall homeostasis. |
Created by:
Twhite21
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