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Gabriela Medina

Human Physiology study stack 2 / Ch. 7-13

QuestionAnswer
What is the main function of glucose metabolism? To convert glucose into ATP for cellular energy.
What are the end products of carbohydrate digestion? Monosaccharides—primarily glucose, fructose, and galactose.
Name the correct food pathway through the GI tract. Mouth → Pharynx → Esophagus → Stomach → Small Intestine → Large Intestine → Rectum → Anus.
What is the purpose of peristalsis? To move food through the digestive tract via rhythmic muscle contractions.
What is the role of digestive enzymes? To chemically break down food into absorbable molecules.
How do kidney tubules help regulate blood pH? By excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate.
What is the function of cholecystokinin (CCK)? It stimulates bile release from the gallbladder and enzyme secretion from the pancreas.
What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction? Asexual reproduction produces identical offspring; sexual reproduction involves gametes and increases genetic variation.
What do male reproductive glands secrete? Seminal fluid containing fructose, enzymes, and alkaline substances.
What are the essential organs of reproduction? Gonads — testes in males, ovaries in females.
Which hormones are secreted during breastfeeding? Prolactin (milk production) and oxytocin (milk let-down).
Name common male fertility factors. Low sperm count, impaired motility, or abnormal morphology.
Match the hormone with its function: Oxytocin. Stimulates labor contractions and milk ejection.
Match the hormone with its function: Calcitonin. Lowers blood calcium levels.
Match the hormone with its function: Glucagon. Raises blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogen breakdown.
What occurs during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle? The endometrium thickens as estrogen levels rise to prepare for possible implantation.
Created by: gabs0116
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