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Class 9/8
Hearing Sciences
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a complex vibration? | the sum of individual types of vibrations |
| What are individual types of vibrations? | sinusoidal vibrations (sine waves) |
| What does a sine wave do? | It describes the air particle motions of a traveling pressure wave |
| What can sound be broken down into? | individual sine waves |
| How far can air molecules travel? | a relatively short distance |
| What is a compression/condensation? | the section of a wave where air molecules are bunched up together |
| What is rarefaction? | the section of a wave where air molecules are spread out |
| What happens if air particle move farther? | air pressure is greater |
| What are the units of Measure for air pressure? | Force/unit area - Newtons per square meter, dynes per square centimeter, and pascals |
| What is the abbreviation for newtons per square meter? | N/m^2 |
| What is the abbreviation for dynes per square centimeter? | dynes/cm^2 |
| What is the abbreviation for pascals? | Pa |
| What happens if air pressure is high? | air molecules will move farther |
| What is one dyne equivalent to? | the force required to accelerate a mass of one gram at a rate of one centimeter/second^2 |
| What is one newton equivalent to? | the force that would give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one meter per second per second |
| How many dynes is one newton? | 100,000 dynes |
| How many pascals is one newton per square meter? | 1 pascal |
| What is the effective sound pressure at the average threshold of hearing (for humans)? | 20 micropascals |
| What is the effective sound pressure for the threshold of pain? | 20,000,000 micropascals |
| Why do we use decibels? | the range of micropascals is not convenient (20-20,000,000) |
| 20 micropascals is the reference pressure for what? | dB SPL |
| How are the peaks of a sine wave represented? | Through condensation/compression |
| How are the valleys of a sine wave represented? | through rarefaction |
| What is frequency in terms of sine waves? | how often the wave goes up and down |
| What is a period? | the time required to complete one cycle of a given frequency |
| What is a wavelength? | the physical distance for one cycle |
| What is frequency? | the number of cycles per second (rate of vibrations) |
| What is amplitude? | magnitude of vibration, level |
| What happens to the basilar membrane during condensation/compression phase? | sound goes into the canal, vibrates the ear drum, vibrating the ossicular chain, pushing the basilar membrane down |
| What happens to the basilar membrane during the rarefaction phase? | the basilar membrane goes up, sound goes back out of the canal |
| What happens to the diaphragm during high level sounds? | it will travel a farther distance |
| What happens to the diaphragm during low level sounds? | it will travel a shorter distance |
| What is the motion of the diaphragm during high frequency sounds? | relatively fast |
| What is the motion for the diaphragm during low frequency sounds? | relatively slow |
| What is the subjective term for level/amplitude? | Loudness |
| What is the subjective term for frequency? | Pitch |
| What two terms do not mean the same thing, but are generally related? | Pitch and Frequency |
Created by:
hrshook0104
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