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CLINICAL CHEM INTRO

MLT 110: CLINICAL CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the Clinical Chemistry component within the lab? it is an automation-centric section that focuses on analyzing the chemical component within blood
What does testing in Clinical Chemistry require? quality assurance (QA), knowledge of basics chemical determinations, result reporting, knowledge of how to use and troubleshoot the analyzers, proper reagent prep, etc.
What is glucose obtained for? analyzing of carbohydrate metabolism disorders like Diabetes Mellitus
What are three of the most common glucose assessments done? fasting, 1 hour glucose challenge, 3 hour glucose tolerance
What glucose test monitors long-term blood levels of glucose? Glycate Hemoglobin/Hemoglobin A1C
Why are electrolytes important? they maintain balance in the body, from our acids and bases to our cell excitability/contractability.
Electrolytes are used to assess the function of our lungs and kidneys
What disorders would be diagnosed from electrolyte testing metabolic or respiratory acidosis/alkalosis
BUN stands for Blood Urea Nitrogen
Why would a BUN blood test be used to indicate kidney function? During protein breakdown, ammonia is produced in the body. Ammonia contains nitrogen that combines with other elements to form urea. healthy kidneys would filter the urea of those waste products, and excrete them through our urine
An abnormally high BUN test result would correlate with kidney failure/glomerular diseases
What are the most common tests for Creatinine? blood creatinine levels, creatinine clearance test
When used in conjunction, (blank test) and (blank test) are able to paint a more accurate view of a patient's kidney function Creatinine + BUN
How is Creatinine produced? Muscle metabolism
Serum creatinine levels, found in blood or urine, are used to measure the rate of... glomerular filtration
Why is Cystatin C testing considered superior to Creatinine testing? The serum marker is independent of muscle mass and other bodily compositions
Why are lipids important in the body? energy storage, cell structure, hormone synthesis
What are the four most common lipid tests? total cholesterol, HDL/LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoprotein analysis
Abnormal lipid rates would indicate towards the increased possibility of... heart disease
Why would elevated bilirubin levels indicated liver disease? bilirubin is a pigment produced in the liver and metabolized in our kidneys. too much bilirubin means the the liver is producing an excessive amount of it, which leads to it migrating into your blood
Correlation to diseases like Cirrhosis and Hepatitis would be discovered in what test? Total Protein Liver Function test
Define "Endocrinology" the study of hormones and the tissues they effect
What are hormones? substances produced by an organ that act on another organ/tissue
What is the function of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring? monitor the level of drugs used to obtain the maximum therapeutic level with minimal toxic effects on the patient (under clinical conditions)
What is Toxicology? the process of identifying the presence and amount of substances that are toxic to the human body
What are Tumor Marker tests used for? spot cancerous growths, evaluate process of therapy, detect resurgence of cancer
What makes Photometry different from Spectrophotometry? P: measures light intensity w/o a specific wavelength to determine substance concentration; detects color variants or turbidity
Define "Turbidity" measure of opaqueness within a suspended substance
What makes Spectrophotometry different from Photometry? SP: measures light at a specific wavelength concentration; substance must be colored
Why do substances need to be colored when doing Spectrophotometry? The practice is dependent on color itself AND the intensity of color
The distance between the waves of radiant energy is called... the wavelength
Define "Wavelength Isolation" When light passes through a prism, it gets broken up into different wavelengths. some wavelengths get absorbed, while others get transmitted through the prism
Created by: innazukaa
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