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Exit - Accounting
Accounting 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Accounting Equation | Assets = Liabilities + Equity |
| Debit | An entry that increases assets or expenses and decreases liabilities or revenue. |
| Credit | An entry that increases liabilities or revenue and decreases assets or expenses. |
| Asset | Resource owned by a business that provides future benefit. |
| Liability | Obligation owed by a business to outsiders. |
| Equity | Owner’s claim on total assets. |
| Expense | Costs incurred to earn revenue. |
| Cash Accounting | Records revenues and expenses when cash is exchanged. |
| Income Statement | Reports revenues and expenses over a period. |
| Balance Sheet | Shows assets, liabilities, and equity at a point in time. |
| Trial Balance | List of accounts and their balances used to check accuracy. |
| Adjusting Entry | Updates accounts before financial statements are prepared. |
| Depreciation | Allocating cost of a fixed asset over its useful life. |
| Inventory Systems | Periodic counts periodically; perpetual updates continuously. |
| LIFO vs FIFO | Inventory costing methods; LIFO assumes latest costs sold first. |
| Allowance Method | Estimates uncollectible accounts through bad debt expense. |
| Bank Reconciliation | Matching company cash records to bank statement. |
| Interest Expense | Cost of borrowing money over time. |
| Owner’s Equity | Capital, drawings, and retained earnings of owners. |
| Stockholders’ Equity | Paid-in capital and retained earnings for corporations. |
| Dividends | Distribution of earnings to shareholders. |
| Accounting Cycle | Steps to record, process, and close accounting information. |
| Internal Control | Policies to safeguard assets and ensure reliable accounting. |
| Revenue | Income from normal business operations. |
| Accrual Accounting | Records revenues when earned and expenses when incurred |