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CommunicationDisorde
Understanding communication disorders and the characteristics surrounding them
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Speech Disorder | Difficulty in producing sounds as well as disorder of voice quality or fluency of speech (p501) |
| Language Disorder | Difficulty in receiving, understanding, and formulating ideas and information (p497) |
| Receptive Language Disorder | Characterized by difficulty in receiving or understanding information (p499) |
| Expressive Language Disorder | Characterized by difficulty in formulating ideas and information (p496) |
| Cleft Palate or Lip | A condition in which a person has a split in the upper part of the oral cavity or the upper lip (p494) |
| Dialect | A regional variation of a language, as when someone speaks English using term or pronunciations common only in that region (p495) |
| Speech | Oral expression of language |
| Language | Structures, shared, rule-governed, symbolic system for communicating (p497) |
| Phonology | the use of sounds to make meaningful syllables and words (p499) |
| Phonemes | Individual speech sounds and how they are produced, depending on their placement in a syllable or word (p499) |
| Morphology | The system that governs the structure of words (p498) |
| Morphemes | The smallest meaningful unit of speech (498) |
| Syntax | Provides rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences (p501) |
| Semantics | The meaningful of what is expressed (p500) |
| Pragmatics | The use of communication in context (p499) |
| Social Interaction Theories | Emphasize that communication skills are learned through social interactions (p500) |
| Articulation | A speaker's production of individual or sequences sounds (p493) |
| Substitutions | Occur when a person substitutes one sound for another, as when a child substitutes /d/ for the voiced /th/ i.e. "doze" for "those" (p501) |
| Omissions | Occur when a child leaves a phoneme out of a word (p498) |
| Additions | Occur when students place a vowel between two constants (p493) |
| Distortions | Modifications of the productions of a phoneme in a word (p495) |
| Apraxia | A motor speech disorder that affects the way in which a student plans to produce speech (p493) |
| Pitch | Affected by the tension and size of the vocal folds, the health of the larynx, and the location of the larynx (p499) |
| Duration | The length of time any speech sound requires |
| Intensity | Loudness or softness based on the perception of the listener and is determined by the air pressure coming from the lungs through the vocal folds (p497) |
| Resonance | Determined by the way in which he tone coming from the vocal folds is modified by the spaces of the throat, mouth, and nose (p500) |
| Hypernasality | When air is allowed to pass through the nasal cavity on sounds other than /m/, /n/, and /ng/ (p497) |
| Hyponasality | Occurs because air cannot pass through the nose and comes through the mouth instead (p497) |
| Fluency | The rate and rhythm of speaking (p496) |
| Specific Language Impairment | Describes a language disorder with no identifiable cause in a person with apparently normal development in all other areas (p500) |
| Organic Disorder | Disorders caused by an identifiable problem in the neuromuscular mechanism of the person (p498) |
| Functional Disorder | Disorders with no identifiable organic or neurological cause (p496) |
| Congential Disorder | Disorder that occurs at or before birth (p495) |
| Acquired Disorder | Disorder that occurs well after birth (p493) |
| Oral Motor Exam | The examination of the appearance, strength, and range of motion of the lips, tongue, palate, teeth, and jaw (p498) |
| Bilingual | Someone who uses two languages equally well (p494) |
| Bidialectal | Someone who uses two variations of a language (p494) |
| System for Augmenting Language (SAL) | Focuses on augmented input of language (p501) |
Created by:
alicia_lynne
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