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Jennifer Rodriguez

Physiology Week 1-6

QuestionAnswer
The relatively constant state maintained by the body is known as: anatomy metabolism homeostasis physiology homeostasis
Local control or ______, intrinsic mechanisms often make use of chemical signals. developmental autoregulation structural autonomous autoregulation
What term describes a signal traveling toward a particular center or point of reference? sensory efferent afferent effector afferent
Positive feedback control systems: accelerate a change ignore a change have no effect on the deviation from set point do not exist in human systems accelerate a change
Where is the body's thermostat located hypothalamus
The term that means self-immunity is called autoimmunity
What are three things negative-feedback mechanisms do? 1. Minimize changes in blood glucose levels 2. maintain homeostasis 3. they are responsible for an increased rate of sweating when air temperature is higher than body temperature
Which of the following is not one of the basic components in a feedback control loop? Sensor Effector mechanism Transmitter Integrating center Transmitter
What element is present in all proteins but not in carbohydrates Nitrogen
Which energy-releasing or energy-transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? Creatine phosphate NAD ATP FAD Creatine phosphate
What disaccharide is formed when two molecules of glucose are joined? Maltose
Which level of protein structure refers to the number, kind, and sequence of amino acids? Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Primary
What is dehydration synthesis? The formation of sucrose that involves the removal of a molecule of water.
What is DNA? It is a double-helix strand of nucleotides.
The basic building blocks of fats are: monosaccharides disaccharides fatty acids and glycerol amino acids fatty acids and glycerol
What term means "water loving" and applied to the phospholipid head? hydrophilic
What is the definition of osmosis? The net movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration
Which of the following is not a characteristic of meiosis? two steps of cell division a reduction division two haploid gametes four haploid gametes two haploid gametes
What is the term for a chemical that reduces the amount of activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction? catalyst
Which of the following is an active transport process? diffusion facilitated diffusion endocytosis osmosis endocytosis
The two processes of protein synthesis are _____ and _____. transcription and translation
Transcription can best be described as the synthesis of tRNA reading of mRNA codons by tRNA synthesis of mRNA synthesis of polypeptides at a ribosomal site synthesis of mRNA
Glycolysis occurs in what part of the cell? cytoplasm
In which skin layer does the process of keratinization begin? Stratum granulosum
Which skin layer has cells that look prickly because of the desmosomes that join the cells together? stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum granulosum stratum corneum Stratum spinosum
What layer of the skin is the hair follicle found? Dermis
Which cells of the skin act as a type of antigen-presenting cell in the skin? Melanocytes Dendritic Cells Keratinocytes Dermatocytes Dendritic Cells
Smooth muscles that produce goose pimples or goosebumps when they contract are the ____ muscles. arrector pili
Where are apocrine sweat glands found? armpits, areolae of the breasts, and pigmented skin areas around the anus.
Hair: alternates between periods of growth and rest consists of keratinized cells is formed from cells of the germinal matrix all of the above all of the above
True or False: Mucous membranes are important because they lubricate and protect passageways. True
Name three functions of epithelial tissue? Absorption Secretion Protection
Which is not a function of connective tissue? Defense Support Transport Communication Communication
Where is hematopoietic tissue found? Bones
During childbirth, a baby passes through an imaginary plane called the? pelvic outlet symphysis pubis ilium pelvic brim pelvic outlet
What are three primary functions performed by bones? Mineral storage Protection Hematopoiesis
Where is hematopoiesis carried out? Red bone marrow
A condition that is caused by an abnormally increased roundness in the thoracic curvature is Kyphosis
True or False: An open fracture is also known as a compound fracture. True
Blood calcium levels involve secretion of which two hormones? parathyroid and adrenaline parathyroid and calcitonin calcitonin and adrenaline calcitonin and aldosterone Parathyroid and calcitonin
What are the three phases of the twitch contraction. latent period, contraction phase, and relaxation phase.
The energy required for muscular contraction is obtained by hydrolysis of DNA. RNA. ADP. ATP. ATP
The contractile unit of a muscle cell is the actin. myosin. myofibril. sarcomere. Sarcomere
Joints joined by fibrocartilage are called synchrondroses. gomphoses. symphyses. sutures. symphyses
The structure of the knee joint permits movements of flexion and extension. flexion and circumduction. extension and circumduction. none of the above. Flexion and extension
The four kinds of protein that make up myofilaments are myosin, actin, _______, and _______. tropomyosin, and myofibril. troponin, and myofibril. troponin, and trypsin. tropomyosin, and troponin. tropomyosin and troponin.
Synarthrotic joints are freely movable. slightly movable. immovable. freely movable and slightly movable. immovable
Some synovial joints contain a closed pillow-like structure called a(n) meniscus. ligament. bursa. articular cartilage bursa
A gliding joint is an example of a(n) _____ joint. uniaxial biaxial multiaxial pivot multiaxial
The purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle contraction is to: carry oxygen. store calcium. replenish energy supply. rotate the cross-bridges. replenish energy supply
Created by: Jenniferr4872
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