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SS_ Wk1-6.Philip

Physiology

QuestionAnswer
What is physiology mainly concerned with? It explains how body parts work together to maintain life, describing normal functions such as breathing, circulation, and digestion (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
What is the physiological role of enzymes? Enzymes act as biological catalysts that speed up metabolic reactions without being used up, controlling the rate of body processes (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
What role does ATP play in cell physiology? ATP provides energy for muscular contraction, active transport, and synthesis reactions within all cells (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
What is the physiological importance of connective tissue? It stores energy (fat), transports materials (blood), and provides strength and elasticity for organs (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
How does the skin participate in vitamin D physiology? UV light triggers the conversion of a skin precursor into vitamin D, essential for calcium absorption (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
How does the skeletal system maintain calcium homeostasis? Bones store calcium and release it into the blood when levels fall, regulated by parathyroid hormone and calcitonin (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
How does homeostasis demonstrate physiological control? Homeostasis keeps variables like temperature, pH, and blood glucose within set limits through feedback loops that involve sensors, control centers, and effectors (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
What is the difference between negative and positive feedback? Negative feedback reverses a change (e.g., lowering high blood pressure), while positive feedback intensifies it (e.g., uterine contractions during labor) (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
Why is water vital to physiology? It acts as a solvent, transports substances, regulates temperature, and participates in chemical reactions (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
How do acids and bases influence body function? Proper hydrogen-ion balance keeps the body’s pH around 7.4; changes can affect enzyme activity and cell function (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
How does the cell membrane maintain physiological balance? Through selective permeability, it regulates ion and nutrient exchange using diffusion, osmosis, and active transport (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
Why is cell division important to body function? Mitosis enables growth and tissue repair, while meiosis produces gametes for reproduction—both essential physiological processes (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
How do epithelial tissues support organ function? They regulate absorption, secretion, and protection—key physiological processes in organs like the intestines and glands (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
How does the skin maintain temperature homeostasis? Sweat evaporation cools the body, while blood-vessel constriction reduces heat loss—both controlled by the hypothalamus (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
What is the physiological link between bones and movement? Muscles pull on bones acting as levers; joints and skeletal structures convert muscle contractions into coordinated motion (Patton & Thibodeau, 2018).
Created by: phillip_sison
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