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Isa Khan

SCI220 Week 1–5 Review

QuestionAnswer
1. Q: What are the levels of organization in the human body from simplest to most complex? A: Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism.
2. Q: What term describes the body maintaining internal stability despite external changes? A: Homeostasis.
3. Q: What plane divides the body into right and left sections? A: Sagittal plane.
4. Q: Which two body cavities contain the brain and spinal cord? A: Cranial and spinal cavities.
5. Q: What are the four main elements that make up most of the human body? A: Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
6. Q: What is the primary energy-carrying molecule in cells? A: ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
7. Q: What is the pH scale used to measure? A: The concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution.
8. Q: What type of bond forms when electrons are shared between atoms? A: Covalent bond.
9. Q: What is the function of the cell membrane? A: It regulates what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection.
10. Q: What organelle is the "powerhouse" of the cell? A: Mitochondrion — it produces ATP through cellular respiration.
11. Q: What is the function of the nucleus? A: It stores DNA and controls cellular activities.
12. Q: What process moves substances from high to low concentration without energy? A: Diffusion (a type of passive transport)
13. Q: What are the four main types of tissue in the body? A: Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
14. Q: Which type of epithelial tissue lines organs and body cavities? A: Simple squamous epithelium.
15. Q: What are the two main layers of the skin? A: Epidermis and dermis.
16. Q: What pigment gives skin its color and protects against UV rays? A: Melanin.
17. Q: What are the two main types of bone tissue? A: Compact bone and spongy (cancellous) bone.
18. Q: What is the main function of osteoblasts? A: They build new bone tissue by secreting bone matrix.
19. Q: Which bone is the only one that does not articulate with others? 20. Q: What are the primary functions of the skeletal system? A: The hyoid bone.
20. Q: What are the primary functions of the skeletal system? A: Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation.
Created by: IsaKhan
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