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Anatomy Vocab
Chapter 3. Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Differentiate | A cell that has been chosen for a specific job. |
| Nucleus | Center of a cell/contains DNA. |
| Cytoplasm | Mass of fluid that surrounds the nucleus and other parts of the cell. |
| Cell Membrane | The outermost limit of a cell. |
| Signal Transduction | Allows the cell to receive and respond to incoming messages. |
| Cellular Adhesion Molecules | Enables certain cells to touch or bind. |
| Intercellular Junctions | Tightly packed cells. |
| Tight Junctions | Cells whose membranes join together. |
| Desmosomes | Cell adhesion in Junctions. |
| Gap Junctions | Create direct connection between cells for transport. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum. | Helps in synthesis of proteins and lipids. |
| Ribosomes | RNA, link amino acids to form proteins. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Sorts and packages proteins. |
| Cisternae | Compartments in the golgi. |
| Vesicle | Transport and storage unit in golgi. |
| Mitochondria | Makes proteins and special RNA. |
| Adenosine Triphosphate | Captured and transferred energy from mitochondria. |
| Lysosomes | Dismantled debris. |
| Peroxisomes | Breaks down debris with hydrogen peroxide. |
| Centrosome | Organize cell structure and work with movement. |
| Centrioles | Develop spider fibers in cell division. |
| Mirotubules | Tubes in cell division. |
| Cilia | Tiny hairs on the bottom of the cell. |
| Flagella | "Tail"/causes movement. |
| Inclusions | Temporary/stored nutrients. |
| Chromatin/Chromosomes | DNA |
| Nuclear Envelope | Covers nucleus/allows certain things inside. |
| Nuclear Pores | Openings into the nucleus. |
| Nucleolus | Ribosomes production |
| Diffusion | To evenly distribute |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Movement uses proteins as helpers. |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water molecules. |
| Isotonic | Equal concentration outside and inside the cell. |
| Hypotonic | Lower solution concentration |
| Hypertonic | Higher solution concentration. |
| Filtration | Separates solids from water |
| Osmotic Pressure | Counteract lower pressure to higher pressure. |
| Active Transport | Movement against concentration gradient. |
| Endocytosis | Too large to enter a cell/enter through the cell membrane. |
| Exocytosis | Too large to leave a cell/secrets through a cell membrane. |
| Phagocytosis | Cell membrane indents from taking in solids. |
| Pinocytosis | Portion from cell membrane indents from tiny droplets of liquid. |
| Receptor Mediated Endocytosis | Protein molecules exposed to the outer surface. |
| Transcytosis | Transports a substance from one end of the cell to another end. |
| Cell Cycle | Series of events that the cells grow in. |
| Interphase | Cell grows and maintains its routine functions. |
| Mitosis | Cell division (in the nucleus) that results in two daughter cells. |
| Cytokinesis | Cell division (the machinery of the cell) that results in two daughter cells. |
| Tumor | Disorganized mass. |
| Benign | Non cancerous tumors that do not spread. |
| Malignant | Cancer cells that spread. |
| Oncogenes | Mutated cells/uncontrollable growth |
| Tumor Suppressor Genes | Holds mitosis in check. |
| Stem Cell | Divides to give two daughter cells or one daughter cell and one specialized cell. |
| Progenitor Cell | In between a stem cell and a differentiated cell. |
| Totipotent | Can become every cell type. |
| Pluripotent | Daughter cells can follow several pathways. |
Created by:
Ellyd
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