Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Grammar Assessment 2
Reading Assessment over chapter 2 of the Textbook
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Action verbs | A verb that refers to an action or an event: He "slipped" on the ice; The accident "happened" quickly. |
| Adverbial | Any structure, no matter what its form, that functions as a modifier of a verb---that is, that functions as an adverb normally functions. |
| "Be" patterns | Sentence patterns 1 (Subject + Be + Adverbial) and 2 (Subject + Be + Subject Complement.) |
| Command | Also known as an imperative sentence; the sentence includes the base form of the verb and usually an understood subject (you): "Finish" your report as soon as possible. |
| Declarative sentence | A sentence in the form of a statement (in contrast to an imperative, interrogative, or exclamative sentence.) Ex: "The earth is round." |
| Direct object | A nominal (functions like a noun) in the predicate of the transitive sentence patterns. The direct object names the objective, goal, or receiver of the verb's actions: We ate "the peanuts." The boy hit "the ball." I enjoy "playing chess. " |
| Imperative sentence | The imperative sentence includes the base form of the verb and usually an understood subject (you): "Finish" your report as soon as possible. |
| Indirect object | The nominal (functions like a noun) following verbs like "give" or "send." The indirect object is the recipient; the direct object is what is given, sent, etc.: We gave "our friends" a ride home; the recipient of the direct object. |
| Interrogative sentence | A sentence that is a question in form: Are you leaving now? |
| Intransitive verb | A verb that requires no complement to be complete: Everyone "applauded." A complement completes the meaning of a sentence. |
| Linking-be | The use of the verb "be" to link the subject to an adverbial (Pattern 1) or to link the subject to a subject complement (Pattern 2). |
| Linking verb | A verb that requires a subject complement to be complete: She "is" a senior. They "seem" nice. (Am, is, was, were, are, to be, etc.) The subject complement identifies or describes the subject. "The stew tasted good." Stew = good (describe) |
| Object complement | The unit following the direct object in Pattern 7 sentences, filled by an adjectival or nominal. The object complement has 2 functions: It completes the idea of the verb, and it links the complement to the direct object: I found the play "exciting." |
| Predicate | One of the two principal parts of the sentence (the comment made about the subject.) The predicate includes the verb, together with its complements and modifiers. |
| Question | A sentence that elicits information. |
| Referent | The thing (or person, event, concept, action, etc.) that a word refers to or stands for. |
| Sentence pattern | The simple skeletal clause patterns, made up of two or three or four required units, that underlie our sentences, even the most complex among them. The 7 patterns in chapter 2 account for almost all the possible sentences of English. |
| Subject | The opening position in the sentence patterns, usually a noun phrase or other nominal structure, that functions as the topic of the sentence. |
| Subject complement | The nominal or adjectival that follows a linking verb, renaming or describing the subject: Pam is "the president." (renames the noun/subject of the sentence!) |
| Transitive verb | The verbs of patterns 5, 6, and 7, which require at least one complement, the direct object, to be complete. With only a few exceptions, transitive verbs are those that can be transformed into the passive voice. |
| Highlighted phrase from the reading: | Adding a modifier to a sentence does not change its basic pattern. Short, focused sentences may attract readers. The use of short sentences or paragraphs can also create transitions. |
| Pattern 1 Structure - "Be" Pattern | Subject + Be + Adverbial (prepositional phrase or adverb phrase) |
| Pattern 2 Structure - Second "Be" Pattern | Subject + Be + Subject Complement (Noun phrase or adjective phrase) |
| Pattern 3 Structure - Linking Verb Pattern | Subject + Linking Verb + Subject Complement (adjective phrase or noun phrase) |
| Pattern 4 Structure - Intransitive Verb Pattern | Subject + Intransitive Verb. (requires no complements.) |
| Pattern 5 Structure - Basic Transitive Verb Pattern | Subject + Transitive Verb + Direct Object |
| Pattern 6 Structure - Transitive Pattern with 2 Complements | Subject + Transitive Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object |
| Pattern 7 Structure - 2nd Transitive Pattern with 2 Complements | Subject + Transitive Verb + Direct Object + Object Complement |
| Pattern 1 example | The book is on the table. |
| Pattern 2 example | Her eyes are green. |
| Pattern 3 example | My brother became a doctor. |
| Pattern 4 example | They arrived; we walked. |
| Pattern 5 example | My friend painted a picture (distinct from pattern 3 based on not having the same referent.) |
| Pattern 6 example | My dad brought me a kitten. |
| Pattern 7 example | She named the puppy Oscar; the movie left us speechless. |
| What is the optional adverbial? | A structure that adds information about time, place, manner, reason, and the like. Ex: An accident happened "downtown during rush hour." Adverbials can often be moved around in the sentence. |
| To discover the two parts of a question, you should... | Recast the question as a statement, or declarative sentence. Ex: Question: Which chapters will our test cover? Statement: Our test / will cover which chapters. |
| Examples of prepositions: | In, at, on, from, for, above, between, below, etc. |
| In the command, or imperative sentence, the subject is understood as "you," and generally does not appear in the sentence. | True. The form of the verb is always the base form (in a command) i.e. it has no s, ed, or ing ending. |
| You cannot use a comma to separate the following: | 1. the subject from the verb 2. the direct object from the object complement 3. the indirect object from the direct object 4. the verb from the subject complement 5. the verb from the direct object |
| The only exception to the "single comma rule" is when the direct object is a direct quotation following a verb like "say." (as in dialogue.) | True. EX: He said, "I love you." |
| Two commas can be used to separate modifiers in a sentence. | True. |
| The forms of be: | Irregular past forms: was, were Present tense forms: am, are, is Base form: be, been, being |
| The basic be verb form is “something is something” vs. the linking verb form, which often uses verbs of the senses (taste, smell, sight, etc.) | True. |
Created by:
FaithMcBaith
Popular Literature sets