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Grammar Assessment 1

Chapter One In-class reading assessment

TermDefinition
Adjectival Any structure, no matter what its form, that functions as a modifier of a noun---that is, that functions as an adjective normally functions.
Adverbial Any structure, no matter what its form, that functions as a modifier of a verb---that is, that functions as an adverb normally functions.
Conjunctions One of the closed classes, which includes connectors that coordinate structures of many forms (ex: and, or, but), subordinate clauses (if, because, when), and coordinate clauses with an adverbial emphasis (however, therefore).
Open Classes The classes of words that provide the lexical content of the language: nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Each has characteristic derivational and inflectional affixes that distinguish its forms.
Transitive Verb The verbs of patterns 5, 6, and 7, which require at least one complement, the direct object, to be complete. With only a few exceptions, transitive verbs are those that can be transformed into the passive voice.
Derivational Suffix (affix) A suffix or prefix that is added to an open-class word, either to change its class (fame--famous) or to change its meaning (legal--illegal; boy--boyhood).
Past Participle The past participle (written) is the form of the verb used with the auxiliary "have" to form the perfect tenses in the active voice and with "be" to form the passive voice.
Auxiliaries One of the closed-class words, a marker of verbs. Auxiliaries include forms of "have" and "be," as well as the modals, such as "will" "shall" and "must."
Demonstrative Pronoun The pronoun "this" (plural these) and "that" (plural those), which function as nominal substitutes and as determiners. They include the feature of proximity: near (this, these) and distant (that, those).
Present Participle The present participle is the -ing form of the verb used in the progressive tense (writing.)
Closed Classes The classes of words that explain the grammatical or structural relationships of the open classes. The major ones are determiners, auxiliaries, qualifiers, prepositions, and conjunctions.
Intransitive Verb A verb that requires no complement to be complete: Everyone "applauded." (applauded is the transitive verb.)
Qualifier A closed-class word that qualifies or intensifies an adjective or adverb: We worked "rather" slowly. We worked "very" hard.
Circle the headword of the noun phrase. Underline the determiner. (In this case, the determiner is an article). Put a box around the adjective. --- "The strange box" Headword: Box Determiner: The Adjective: Strange
Circle the prepositional phrase. Underline the object of the preposition (the entire noun phrase). --- "They ran into the house." Prepositional phrase: Into the house Object of the preposition: the house
Circle the subject in the following sentence. Underline the predicate. (Remember that every word in the sentence is either part of the subject or part of the predicate, so don’t leave out any words.)-- The robot walks quickly. Subject: The robot Predicate: Walks quickly
A singular noun phrase The red apple.
A plural noun phrase The black cats.
A noun phrase in possessive form A teacher's book.
A verb phrase in past tense I “had painted” the fence.
A verb phrase in present tense Mary is eating lunch. ("is eating lunch" is the verb phrase.)
An adjective phrase (not in comparative or superlative form) Full of energy; extremely menacing.
An adjective phrase in comparative form Bigger than; more beautiful; less dangerous than before.
An adjective phrase in superlative form The brightest in the sky.
An adverb phrase Very carefully.
A pronoun They
A proper noun President Lincoln
Thing marked during active reading of the text You can tell if a word is an adjective or adverb if it pairs with a qualifier/ Many, if not most, so-called action words, including flash and clap, are also nouns.
Created by: FaithMcBaith
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