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sci221 phis chap 7-1
study stack chp 7-13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Lymph is filtered by the | Lymph Nodes |
| The lymphatic organs produce | Lymphocytes |
| The purpose of the lymphatic system is to | Fight against infection |
| Fluid that is clear, watery and contains protein molecules, salts, and other substances is called | Intracellular fluid |
| The lymphatic system is made up of lymphatic vessels where lymph flows in only one direction towards | The heart |
| The T cell is considered | The communicator |
| Millions of B cells release millions of | Antibodies |
| Which of the following statements about amino acid neurotransmitters is incorrect? | They are all inhibitory neurotransmitters |
| Serotonin is an example of a(n): | Amine neurotrasmitter |
| Dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine are classified as: | Catecholamines |
| Compared with the outside of the neuron, the inside has a(n) ____ charge. | Negative |
| When an impulse reaches a synapse: | Chemical transmitters are released |
| A slight shift away from the resting membrane potentials in a specific region of the plasma membrane is called a _____ potential. | Local |
| There are two types of synapses—the electrical synapse and the __________ synapse. | Chemical |
| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct an impulse that is how much faster than the slowest fibers in the body? | Almost 300 times faster |
| The neurotransmitter(s) that inhibit(s) the conduction of pain impulses is(are): | Enkephalins |
| Which of the following is not used by the body as a neurotransmitter? | Nitric oxide Acetylcholine Carbon monoxide All of the above are used by the body as neurotransmitters. |
| A synaptic knob would be located on a(n): | Axon |
| Which is true of an action potential? | The outside of the plasma membrane is negatively charged, and the inside is positively charged. |
| Acetylcholine is in the same class of neurotransmitters as: | None of these -serotonin. histamine. dopamine. |
| Which of the following is not one of the main chemical classes of neurotransmitters? | Triglycerides |
| A synapse consists of: | a synaptic knob. a synaptic cleft. the plasma membrane of a postsynaptic neuron. all of the above. |
| A term commonly used as a synonym for action potential is | Nerve impulse |
| Excitatory neurotransmitters are most likely to: | Initiate an action potential. |
| The first event to occur when an adequate stimulus is applied to a neuron is: | some of the sodium channels at the point of stimulation open. |
| Which is true of a neuron with a resting potential? | The sodium pump has moved Na+ to the outside of the plasma membrane |
| The fastest nerve fibers in the body can conduct impulses up to approximately _____ meters per second. | 130 |
| The set of coordinated commands that control the programmed muscle activity mediated by extrapyramidal pathways is called the | motor program. |
| The cortex is capable of storing and retrieving information from both short-term and long-term | Memory |
| The _____ is an extension of the great toe, with or without fanning of the other toes, in response to stimulation of the outer margin of the sole of the foot. | Babinsky sign |
| The _____ consists of several structures that lie beneath the thalamus and form the floor of the third ventricle and the lower part of its lateral walls. | Hypothalamus |
| Axon terminals of autonomic neurons release either of two neurotransmitters, | norepinephrine and acetylcholine. |
| The two main types of adrenergic receptors are | Alpha and Beta |
| Tongue movement is controlled by which cranial nerve? | Hypoglossal |
| Audition is a function of the _____ lobe. | Temporal |
| A mixed nerve is one that: | carries both sensory and motor fibers. |
| Which of the following statements is not true? | The major function of the parasympathetic division is to serve as an “emergency” system. |
| All of the following cranial nerves are involved in proprioception except the: | vagus. |
| Which of the following is a description of the principle of autonomic antagonism as it relates to the autonomic nervous system? | If sympathetic impulses tend to stimulate an effector, parasympathetic impulses tend to inhibit it. |
| A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing its activation. What direct effect will this have on signaling that involves cAMP? | Adenylyl cyclase will not be activated. |
| What should you avoid doing in the middle of your sleep cycle that would lower melatonin? | turning on the lights |
| Accommodation for near vision necessitates | an increase in the curvature of the lens. constriction of the pupils. convergence of the two eyes. all of the above. |
| The somatic senses enable us to detect sensations, including: | ouch. temperature. pain. all of the above. |
| The sequence of auditory ossicles in the middle ear starting at the tympanic membrane and ending at the oval window is: | malleus, incus, and stapes. |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system? | Chemical messenger travels a short distance. |
| _____, a natural constituent of blood, acts as an antithrombin and prevents clots from forming in vessels. | Heparin |
| Neutrophils are highly mobile and phagocytic. They migrate out of blood vessels and into tissue spaces. This process is called | Diapedesis. |
| After blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart, it enters the | left atrium. |
| The normal cardiac impulse that initiates mechanical contraction of the heart arises in the | SA node. |
| Blood from the brachiocephalic vein drains into the | head, neck, and upper extremity. |
| Which of the following is a powerful poison that acts directly on any cell and quickly kills it? | lymphotoxin |
| The ability of our immune system to attack abnormal or foreign cells but spare our own normal cells is called: | self-tolerance. |
| The body’s defense mechanisms can be organized into one of two major categories of immune mechanisms; these are | nonspecific and inflammatory immunity. |
| The lymph pressure gradient is established by: | both A and B. breathing movements. skeletal muscle contractions. |
| An increase in carbon dioxide in the blood causes | a drop in pH in the blood |
| In what form does oxygen travel in the blood? | Both A and B dissolved oxygen in the plasma associated with hemoglobin |
| Which structural feature facilitates oxygen diffusion from the alveolar air into the blood in lung capillaries? | All of these are correct. |
| The vital capacity is equal to the sum of the: | tidal volume, residual volume, and expiratory reserve volume. |
| One hundred milliliters of arterial blood contains approximately what volume percent of oxygen? 10% | 20% |
| If the tidal volume of a given individual is 500 ml, then the anatomical dead space is approximately _____ ml. | 150 |
| The final step in lipid transport by the intestines is the formation of | chylomicrons. |
| CCK is an intestinal hormone that | All of the above |
| Chemical digestion requires the secretion of _____ into the lumen of the GI tract. | digestive enzymes and bile |
| The hormone thought to be a messenger causing release of digestive enzymes from the intestinal mucosa is: | vasoactive intestinal peptide. |
| The hormone that stimulates the gallbladder to release bile is: | cholecystokinin. |
| The hormone that inhibits gastric muscle, slowing passage of food into the duodenum, is called: | gastric inhibitory peptide. |
| The intestinal hormone cholecystokinin: | Does all of the above |
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