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principles of manage
defination of key words and basic knowledge of ch
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| State two features of principles of management. | Universal applicability 2. Flexible – adjustable according to situations |
| Q: What are management principles? | Broad and general guidelines for effective managerial decision-making and behavior, based on cause–effect relationships and flexible use in different situations. |
| Why are principles of management significant? | : They provide insights, ensure optimum resource use, support scientific decisions, and help fulfil social responsibilities. |
| What is Taylor’s principle of "Science, not rule of thumb"? | Use scientific methods and analysis for management decisions instead of relying on tradition or personal judgment. |
| Q: Define “Functional Foremanship” as per Taylor. | A: Division of supervisory roles into eight specialized foremen to improve efficiency and expert supervision. |
| Q: What is the “Mental Revolution”? | A: A shift in mindset between workers and managers to foster mutual trust and cooperation. |
| Explain the principle of “Division of Work” (Fayol). | Assign specialized tasks to individuals for better efficiency and productivity. |
| What is “Authority and Responsibility”? | : Authority is the right to give orders. Responsibility is the duty to complete them—both must be balanced. |
| Q: Describe the principle of “Unity of Command.” | A: Each employee should report to only one superior to avoid confusion and conflict. |
| What does “Unity of Direction” mean? | A: Activities that have similar objectives should be grouped under one plan and one manager. |
| Explain “Espirit de Corps.” | Promote team spirit and unity among employees to develop harmony and effective cooperation. |
| Difference between Unity of Command and Unity of Direction? | : Unity of Command refers to reporting to one boss; Unity of Direction ensures all efforts towards common goals. |
| What is the difference between principles and techniques of management? | : Principles are fundamental truths that guide managerial actions; techniques are specific methods used to achieve results. |
| How are management principles flexible? | They can be adapted to different situations depending on the manager’s discretion and the business environment. |
Created by:
radha2301
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