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a&p1 terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| muscle location terms | |
| Abdominis | abdomen |
| Brachialis | arm (brachium) |
| Femoris | femur (thigh) |
| Cervicis | neck |
| Capitis | head |
| Carpi | wrist |
| Glosso- / -glossal | tongue |
| Genio- | chin |
| Ilio- | ilium |
| Hallucis | great toe |
| muscle direction position terms | |
| Anterior | front |
| Posterior | back |
| Superioris | above |
| Inferioris | below |
| Lateralis | side |
| Medialis | middle |
| Superficialis | superficial |
| Profundus | deep |
| Oblique | diagonal |
| Rectus | straight |
| structural characteristics | |
| Biceps | 2 heads |
| Triceps | 3 heads |
| Quadriceps | 4 heads |
| Deltoid | triangular |
| Orbicularis | circular |
| Pectinate | comb-like |
| Rhomboid | rhombus-shaped |
| Serratus | saw-toothed |
| Piriformis | pear-shaped |
| Platy- | flat |
| Teres | long and round |
| Pyramidal | pyramid-shaped |
| Splenius | bandage-like |
| muscle actions | |
| Flexor | bends a joint |
| Extensor | straightens a joint |
| Abductor | moves away from midline |
| Adductor | moves toward midline |
| Levator | lifts |
| Depressor | lowers |
| Pronator | palm down |
| Supinator | palm up |
| Tensor | tenses |
| Rotator | rotates |
| Fibrous Joints | no cavity, immovable. Ex: sutures, syndesmosis (tib/fib), gomphosis (teeth) |
| Cartilaginous Joints | cartilage connects bones, slightly movable, ex. symphysis (pubic), synchondrosis (epiphyseal plate) |
| Synovial Joints | cavity with fluid, freely movable. Ex: knee, shoulder |
| synovial joint structure | |
| Joint cavity | space filled with synovial fluid |
| Synovial fluid | lubricates, absorbs shock |
| Articular cartilage | hyaline cartilage on bone ends |
| Articular capsule | fibrous + synovial membrane |
| Ligaments | reinforce the joint |
| types of synovial joints | |
| Plane | gliding (intercarpal) |
| Hinge | flexion/extension (elbow) |
| Pivot | rotation (C1–C2) |
| Condyloid | all but rotation (knuckles) |
| Saddle | thumb joint |
| Ball & Socket | shoulder/hip (all movements) |
| Muscle Movements | |
| Flexion | bending |
| Extension | straightening |
| Abduction | away from midline |
| Adduction | toward midline |
| Rotation | movement around axis |
| Circumduction | circle |
| Elevation | upward (e.g. jaw) |
| Depression | downward |
| Plantar Flexion | tiptoes |
| Dorsiflexion | heel walk |
| Supination | palm up |
| Pronation | palm down |
| muscle roles | |
| Prime Mover (Agonist) | main muscle for an action |
| Synergist | helps prime mover |
| Antagonist | does opposite action |
| injuries | |
| Sprain | ligament injury |
| Strain | muscle/tendon injury |
Created by:
mahak
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