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phys of ex
CHAPTER 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are non-negotiables for the body? | Temperature, pH, fluid volume |
| What does the body regulate as it exercises in heat? | Temperature (heat gain or heat loss), pH, fluid volume |
| What are the ways that heat can dissipate when it reaches the skin? | Conduction, convection, radiation or evaporation |
| What is the main way that we dissipate heat in our body? | Evaporation |
| What are the ways that the body gains heat? | metabolic heat, environmental heat (conduction, convection, & radiation) |
| What are the ways that the body loses heat? | Radiation, conduction, convection, evaporation. |
| What is conduction? | K; heat transfer from one solid material to another through direct molecular contact |
| What is convection? | C; heat transfer by movement of gas or liquid across a surface |
| What is radiation? | R; Heat loss or gain from infrared rays |
| C + K + R = | Dry heat exchange |
| M - W +/- R +/- C +/- K - E = 0 | heat balance |
| If M - W +/- R +/- C +/- K - E < 0 | Heat loss |
| If M - W +/- R +/- C +/- K - E > 0 | Heat gain |
| How is humidity? | How saturated the air is with water |
| What is water vapor pressure? | Humidity |
| If the air is saturated with water, is it easier or harder to evaporate sweat? | Harder |
| What is thermoregulatory control? | |
| What are the core temperature limits in Celcius? | <35, >41 |
| What is the core temperature limits in Farenheight? | 95-105.8 |
| Who controls thermoregulatory functions? | Preoptic anterior hypothalomus (POAH) |
| What does the hypothalamus do? | Effect on the sympathetic nervous system. Skin arterioles to skin are going to vasodilate |
| What are Eccrine sweat gland effectors? | |
| What are the skeletal muscle effectors? | They generate heat via shivering. Involuntary cycle of contraction & relaxation. |
| What are endocrine gland effectors? | Increase metabolism --> increased heat production Cooling --> release of thyroxine, catecholamines |
| What does a decrease in blood volume lead to? | Decreased stroke volume |
| What does the body do as a response to fluid balance? | Sweat |
| How does training affect sweat composition? | More sensitive to aldosterone & reasorbs more Na+ |
| What comes from posterior pituitary gland? | Antidiuretic hormone |
| what are the six risk factors for exercise in the heat? | Metabolic heat production, air temperature, ambient water vapor pressure (humidity), air velocity, radiant heat sources, clothing |
| What are heat cramps? | severe painful cramping of large muscels; loss of fluid, loss of sodium, loss of calcium & magnesium. |
| What are the three heat illnesses? | Heat cramps |
| What is heat exhaustion? | fatigue, dizziness, nasua, vomiting, fainting, weak rapid pulse |
| What causes heat exhaustion? | severe dehydration from sweating |
| What is heatstroke? | core temp is greater than 40 degrees celcius; confusion, disorientation, unconsciousness. Very life threatening, cell death can start to occur. NEED TO BE COOLED TO 101.5 before transport |
| Hyperthermia |
Created by:
italianhannah
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